Institut Pasteur, Unité Virus et Immunité, Département de Virologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 3015, Paris, France.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2012 Oct;10(10):675-80. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2862. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
HIV replication is limited by cellular restriction factors, such as APOBEC and tetherin, which themselves are counteracted by viral proteins. SAMHD1 was recently identified as a novel HIV restriction factor in myeloid cells, and was shown to be blocked by the lentiviral protein Vpx. SAMHD1 limits viral replication through an original mechanism: it hydrolyses intracellular dNTPs in non-cycling cells, thus decreasing the amount of these key substrates, which are required for viral DNA synthesis. In this Progress article, we describe how SAMHD1 regulates the pool of intracellular nucleotides to control HIV replication and the innate immune response.
HIV 的复制受到细胞限制因子的限制，如 APOBEC 和 tetherin，它们自身会被病毒蛋白拮抗。SAMHD1 最近被鉴定为髓系细胞中的一种新型 HIV 限制因子，其活性可被慢病毒蛋白 Vpx 阻断。SAMHD1 通过一种独特的机制限制病毒复制：在非增殖细胞中水解细胞内的 dNTP，从而减少这些关键底物的量，这些底物是病毒 DNA 合成所必需的。在这篇进展文章中，我们描述了 SAMHD1 如何调节细胞内核苷酸池来控制 HIV 复制和先天免疫反应。
