Meller D, Thomasen H, Steuhl K-P
Klinik für Erkrankungen des vorderen Augenabschnitts, Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland,
Ophthalmologe. 2012 Sep;109(9):863-8. doi: 10.1007/s00347-011-2510-y.
Various ocular surface diseases are caused by loss of corneal epithelial stem cells or dysfunction of the limbal stem cell niche. Besides conventional transplantation of autologous or allogenic limbal tissue, recent advances in tissue engineering have led to the development of new culture and expansion techniques of human limbal stem and progenitor cells (LSPC) as a new strategy to successfully treat limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). From a small autologous limbal biopsy with a limited amount of LSPC an epithelium ready for transplantation is achieved. Autologous grafting of cultured limbal epithelium led in most of the treated cases to a successful reconstruction of the corneal surface. Alternative methods which have recently been introduced to treat LSCD use other stem cell sources including the transplantation of oral mucosal epithelium. In this article the challenges and controversies associated with these stem cell culture techniques for ocular surface reconstruction are reviewed.
多种眼表疾病是由角膜上皮干细胞缺失或角膜缘干细胞龛功能障碍引起的。除了传统的自体或异体角膜缘组织移植外，组织工程学的最新进展促使了人类角膜缘干细胞和祖细胞（LSPC）新培养和扩增技术的发展，这成为成功治疗角膜缘干细胞缺乏症（LSCD）的一种新策略。通过对少量自体角膜缘进行活检获取有限数量的LSPC，可得到用于移植的上皮组织。在大多数治疗病例中，培养的角膜缘上皮自体移植成功重建了角膜表面。最近引入的用于治疗LSCD的替代方法使用了其他干细胞来源，包括口腔黏膜上皮移植。本文综述了这些用于眼表重建的干细胞培养技术所面临的挑战和争议。
