Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Tech-nische Universitaet Dresden, Germany.
Depress Anxiety. 2012 Dec;29(12):1014-24. doi: 10.1002/da.21994. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
Dimensional assessments are planned to be included as supplements to categorical diagnoses in DSM-V. The aim of this study was to examine the unidimensionality, reliability, validity, and clinical sensitivity of brief self-rated scales for specific anxiety disorders in an unselected German sample of consecutive attendees to a psychological clinic. These scales use a common template to assess core constructs of fear and anxiety.
Dimensional scales for social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, agoraphobia, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder were administered along with established scales to 102 adults seeking treatment for mental health problems at a German university outpatient clinic for psychotherapy. The computer-assisted clinical version of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess mental disorders according to DSM-IV criteria. Dimensionality and scale reliability were examined using confirmatory factor analyses. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined by testing differences in the size of correlations between each dimensional anxiety scale and each of the previously validated scales. Each dimensional scale's ability to correctly differentiate between individuals with versus without an anxiety diagnosis was examined via the area under the curve.
Analyses revealed unidimensionality for each scale, high reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. Classification performance was good to excellent for all scales except for specific phobia.
The application of the dimensional anxiety scales may be an effective way to screen for specific anxiety disorders and to supplement categorical diagnoses in DSM-V, although further evaluation and refinement of the scales (particularly the specific phobia scale) is needed.
DSM-V 计划将维度评估作为类别诊断的补充。本研究的目的是在德国一所大学心理诊所连续就诊的未选择样本中，检验特定焦虑障碍的简短自评量表的维度性、信度、效度和临床敏感性。这些量表使用共同的模板评估恐惧和焦虑的核心结构。
在德国一所大学心理诊所为心理健康问题寻求治疗的 102 名成年人中，同时使用经过验证的量表，评估社交焦虑障碍、特定恐惧症、广场恐惧症、惊恐障碍和广泛性焦虑障碍的维度量表。根据 DSM-IV 标准，使用计算机辅助的慕尼黑综合国际诊断访谈临床版评估精神障碍。使用验证性因素分析检验维度和量表的可靠性。通过检验每个维度焦虑量表与每个先前验证的量表之间的相关性大小来检验聚合和区分效度。通过曲线下面积检验每个维度量表在区分有和无焦虑诊断个体的能力。
分析显示每个量表都具有维度性、高信度以及聚合和区分效度。除特定恐惧症外，所有量表的分类性能均为良好至优秀。
应用维度焦虑量表可能是筛选特定焦虑障碍和补充 DSM-V 中类别诊断的有效方法，尽管需要进一步评估和改进这些量表（特别是特定恐惧症量表）。
