Suwan Kijja, Hatthachote Panadda, Panichkul Suthee, Phromphetcharat Varee
Department of Physiology, Phramongkutklao College ofMedicine, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Med Assoc Thai. 2012 May;95 Suppl 5:S142-8.
To evaluate prevalence of overweight and obesity in second-year medical cadets and to determine risk behaviors before and after 6 months studying at Phramongkutklao College of Medicine (PCM). MATERIAL AMD METHOD: Data on self-report behavioral questionnaires was collected from 92 medical cadets before and after 6 months studying at PCM in 2008. Body weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure and body fat were measured according to standard protocols.
Overall, prevalence of overweight and obese medical cadets before studying at PCM was 16.30% and 15.22% according to BMI and 27.17% and 15.22% by percent body fat. After 6 months of study, overall mean of body fat and systolic blood pressure were significantly reduced. For males, the mean of weight, BMI and waist circumference were reduced significantly. In contrast, the mean of body weight and BMI of females were significantly increased. The prevalence of overweight in total participants determined by body fat was significantly reduced from 27.17% to 15.22%. Determination by BMI, obesity was significantly reduced from 34.29% to 14.29% only in males. Behaviors that were found to be significantly increased (p < 0.001) were regular physical activity, night eating, sugar-sweet beverage consumption, amount and frequency of coffee or tea consumption. Significant decrease in time of watching TV or using a computer, and duration of sleep was also determined.
The present study indicated that overweight, obesity, waist circumference and body fat of medical cadets were decreased after study at PCM which is possibly due to increasing exercise. Nevertheless, behavioral risks for obesity were also increasing, therefore, it might result in increased the prevalence of obesity in the future.
评估医学专业二年级学员超重和肥胖的患病率，并确定在诗里蒙坤告皇家医学院（PCM）学习6个月前后的风险行为。材料与方法：2008年，收集了92名医学专业学员在PCM学习6个月前后自我报告行为问卷的数据。根据标准方案测量体重、身高、腰围、血压和体脂。
总体而言，根据BMI，在PCM学习前超重和肥胖医学专业学员的患病率分别为16.30%和15.22%，按体脂百分比计算分别为27.17%和15.22%。学习6个月后，总体体脂和收缩压平均值显著降低。对于男性，体重、BMI和腰围平均值显著降低。相比之下，女性的体重和BMI平均值显著增加。按体脂确定的所有参与者中超重患病率从27.17%显著降至15.22%。仅按BMI确定，肥胖率仅在男性中从34.29%显著降至14.29%。发现显著增加（p<0.001）的行为有规律的体育活动、夜间进食、饮用含糖饮料、咖啡或茶的摄入量和饮用频率。看电视或使用电脑的时间以及睡眠时间也显著减少。
本研究表明，医学专业学员在PCM学习后超重、肥胖、腰围和体脂有所下降，这可能是由于运动增加所致。然而，肥胖的行为风险也在增加，因此，未来可能会导致肥胖患病率上升。
