Bacchi S, Palumbo P, Sponta A, Coppolino M F
Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2012;11(1):52-64. doi: 10.2174/187152312803476255.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of often chemically unrelated compounds with some common therapeutic actions and side effects. They have potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity, and are among the most widely used drugs worldwide. It is generally thought that one of their main mechanisms of action is the inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase (COX), the enzyme responsible for biosynthesing the prostaglandins and thromboxane. NSAIDs are also associated with an increased risk of adverse gastrointestinal, renal and cardiovascular effects. This review describes the clinical pharmacology of NSAIDs, their classification, molecular mechanisms of action and adverse effects, including their possible contribution to neuro-inflammation and carcinogenesis, as well as some recent developments aimed at designing effective anti-inflammatory agents with improved safety and tolerability profiles.
非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）是一组通常在化学结构上不相关的化合物，具有一些共同的治疗作用和副作用。它们具有强大的抗炎、镇痛和解热活性，是全球使用最广泛的药物之一。一般认为，其主要作用机制之一是抑制环氧化酶（COX），该酶负责前列腺素和血栓素的生物合成。NSAIDs还与胃肠道、肾脏和心血管不良影响风险增加有关。本综述描述了NSAIDs的临床药理学、分类、作用分子机制和不良反应，包括它们对神经炎症和致癌作用的可能影响，以及旨在设计具有更好安全性和耐受性的有效抗炎药物的一些最新进展。
