Medical Pharmacology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Etlik 06018 Ankara - Turkey.
Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(30):5116-21. doi: 10.2174/092986712803530601.
A polyamine agmatine is produced through decarboxylation of L -arginine by the enzyme arginine decarboxylase and is a new neurotransmitter in central nervous system (CNS). It has been suggested that agmatine has analgesic, anxiolytic and antidepressant activities in animals. In experimental studies, it also generates some favorable effects on cerebral damages and withdrawal syndromes involved in addictive drugs. Furthermore, it modulates some processes of learning and memory. Thus, agmatine may be an important target for the treatment of CNS disorders. However, the abnormal release and transmission of agmatine in brain may also be related to some CNS disorders, such as schizophrenia. Interaction of agmatine with other central neurotransmitter systems, such as the glutamatergic and nitrergic systems, seems to be very important. According to the current literature, we can expect that the central agmatinergic system may be a new key target in development of novel approaches for understanding the etiopathogenesis of CNS disorders and their treatment with drugs. The main goal of this article is to evaluate the effects of agmatine in CNS and underline its pharmacological actions in CNS and drug development.
多胺胍丁胺是由酶精氨酸脱羧酶从 L-精氨酸脱羧产生的，是中枢神经系统（CNS）中的一种新的神经递质。有研究表明，胍丁胺在动物中有镇痛、抗焦虑和抗抑郁作用。在实验研究中，它还对与成瘾药物相关的脑损伤和戒断综合征产生一些有利影响。此外，它还调节一些学习和记忆过程。因此，胍丁胺可能是治疗 CNS 疾病的重要靶点。然而，脑内胍丁胺的异常释放和传递也可能与一些 CNS 疾病有关，如精神分裂症。胍丁胺与其他中枢神经递质系统（如谷氨酸能和氮能系统）的相互作用似乎非常重要。根据目前的文献，我们可以预期，中枢胍丁胺能系统可能是开发新型方法理解 CNS 疾病发病机制及其药物治疗的新的关键靶点。本文的主要目的是评估胍丁胺在 CNS 中的作用，并强调其在 CNS 中的药理学作用和药物开发。
