State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Virus Res. 2012 Oct;169(1):237-45. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.08.008. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
To date, several viroid species have been shown to infect grapevine, including Hop stunt viroid (HpSVd), Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), Australian grapevine viroid (AGVd), Grapevine yellow speckle viroid-1 (GYSVd-1), Grapevine yellow speckle viroid-2 (GYSVd-2) and a tentative new species, Grapevine yellow speckle viroid-3 (GYSVd-3). Here, we identified and analyzed the distribution, genetic diversity, and molecular properties of viroids infecting grapevine cultivated in China and Japan, including old grapevines. The analysis showed that all the five known viroids and a tentative species GYSVd-3 infecting grapevine exist in China, and three of them (HpSVd, GYSVd-1 and GYSVd-3) exist in Japan. The contrast in diversity of viroid species in old grapevines from China and Japan may reflect different history of viticulture between the two countries. In general, the species of viroids infecting grapevine in China, as well as those in Iran and Australia, were more diverse than in the other countries. The population structure of viroids infecting grapevine in China and Japan showed species-dependency; i.e., HpSVd shared similar population structures in both countries, but GYSVd-1, GYSVd-2, and AGVd showed regional disparity even within the same country, although the role of sequence diversity in the biology of viroids infecting grapevine, such as the pathogenicity and evolution, still needs further study.
迄今为止，已有多种类病毒被证实感染葡萄，包括Hop 运动类病毒（HpSVd）、柑橘裂皮类病毒（CEVd）、澳大利亚葡萄类病毒（AGVd）、葡萄黄斑点类病毒-1（GYSVd-1）、葡萄黄斑点类病毒-2（GYSVd-2）和一个暂定的新种，葡萄黄斑点类病毒-3（GYSVd-3）。在此，我们鉴定并分析了中国和日本栽培葡萄（包括老葡萄藤）中感染的类病毒的分布、遗传多样性和分子特性。分析表明，所有已知的 5 种类病毒和一个暂定种 GYSVd-3 都存在于中国，其中 3 种（HpSVd、GYSVd-1 和 GYSVd-3）存在于日本。中国和日本老葡萄藤中类病毒多样性的差异可能反映了两国葡萄栽培历史的不同。总的来说，中国、伊朗和澳大利亚感染葡萄的类病毒种类比其他国家更为多样。中国和日本感染葡萄的类病毒种群结构具有物种依赖性；即 HpSVd 在两国具有相似的种群结构，但 GYSVd-1、GYSVd-2 和 AGVd 即使在同一国家内也表现出区域差异，尽管序列多样性在感染葡萄的类病毒生物学中的作用，如致病性和进化，仍需要进一步研究。
