Hoffman J M, Catchen G L
Department of Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Health Phys. 1990 Jan;58(1):59-64. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199001000-00007.
The dose response to 133Xe radiation of several types of Panasonic 800 series thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) were evaluated. The dosimeters were exposed by submersion in 133Xe gas. The relative sensitivities of the lithium borate and the calcium sulfate phosphors were determined for several configurations. The TLDs were exposed in the holders (as the devices came from the vendor) with various shields covering the elements, and they were exposed with the TLDs removed from the holders. Some dosimeters were exposed, both in holders and out of holders (TL insert only configuration), both in plastic bags and free in air. For the in-holder configuration, the responses of the heavily shielded (greater than 170 mg cm-2) elements were used to obtain the photon dose-rate component, and the responses of the lightly shielded (less than 13 mg cm-2) element were used to obtain the beta component. Similarly, for the insert-only configurations, the observed over-response of the calcium sulfate phosphors to low-energy photons could be used to separate the beta dose rate component. By using the calculated beta doses, correction factors were determined for the apparent under-responses of the elements to beta radiation. The results of both methods are consistent. These results also suggest that the beta component could be used in environmental monitoring as a more sensitive means to determine 133Xe activities in clouds and to separate some of the effects of submersion exposure from those of distant exposure.
对几种类型的松下800系列热释光剂量计（TLD）在133Xe辐射下的剂量响应进行了评估。剂量计通过浸入133Xe气体中进行照射。针对几种配置确定了硼酸锂和硫酸钙磷光体的相对灵敏度。TLD在其支架中（即从供应商处接收时的设备状态）进行照射，用各种屏蔽物覆盖元件，并且也在将TLD从支架中取出的情况下进行照射。一些剂量计在支架内和支架外（仅TL插入配置）都进行了照射，照射时有的放在塑料袋中，有的处于空气中。对于支架内配置，使用重屏蔽（大于170mg cm-2）元件的响应来获得光子剂量率分量，使用轻屏蔽（小于13mg cm-2）元件的响应来获得β分量。类似地，对于仅插入配置，硫酸钙磷光体对低能光子的观察到的过响应可用于分离β剂量率分量。通过使用计算出的β剂量，确定了元件对β辐射明显响应不足的校正因子。两种方法的结果是一致的。这些结果还表明，β分量可用于环境监测，作为一种更灵敏的手段来确定云层中的133Xe活度，并将浸没暴露的一些影响与远距离暴露的影响区分开来。
