Metallic rugate structures for near-perfect absorbers in visible and near-infrared regions.

Metallic rugate structures are theoretically investigated for achieving near-perfect absorption in the visible and near-infrared regions. Our model builds on nanoporous metal films whose porosity (volume fraction of voids) follows a sinewave along the film thickness. By setting the initial phase of porosity at the top surface as 0, near-perfect absorption is obtained. The impacts of various structural parameters on the characteristic absorption behaviors are studied. Furthermore, multiple peaks or bands with high absorption can be achieved by integrating several periodicities in one structure. The rugate absorbers show near-perfect absorption for TE and TM polarizations and large incident angles.