Behrens R
HNO. 2012 Sep;60(9):781-7. doi: 10.1007/s00106-012-2488-z.
The diagnosis of foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal (G-I) tract can sometimes be difficult. Esophageal foreign bodies are dangerous and should be extracted as soon as possible whereas foreign bodies in the stomach usually pass through the GI-tract without complications. Exceptions are large, sharp or potentially toxic foreign bodies, such as button batteries or magnetic foreign bodies. Extraction by flexible endoscopy with the patient under deep sedation has proven to be effective, relatively minimally invasive and safe. Complications, such as ulcers, fistulas and perforations occur in 13% of patients and are strongly correlated to the localization in the esophagus.
胃肠道（GI）异物的诊断有时可能很困难。食管异物很危险，应尽快取出，而胃内异物通常可顺利通过胃肠道，不会引发并发症。例外情况是大型、尖锐或有潜在毒性的异物，如纽扣电池或磁性异物。在深度镇静下通过柔性内镜进行取出已被证明是有效、相对微创且安全的。并发症，如溃疡、瘘管和穿孔，在13%的患者中出现，并且与异物在食管中的位置密切相关。
