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成年人胆固醇筛查和高胆固醇血症的流行率——美国,2005、2007 和 2009 年。

Prevalence of cholesterol screening and high blood cholesterol among adults--United States, 2005, 2007, and 2009.

出版信息

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012 Sep 7;61:697-702.

Abstract

High blood cholesterol is a leading risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). The risks associated with high blood cholesterol can be reduced by screening and early intervention. Current clinical practice guidelines provide evidenced-based standards for detection, treatment, and control of high blood cholesterol. Healthy People 2020 monitors national progress related to screening and controlling high blood cholesterol through the National Health Interview Survey and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). State-level estimates of self-reported cholesterol screening and high blood cholesterol prevalence are available using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. To assess recent trends in the percentage of adults aged ≥18 years who had been screened for high blood cholesterol during the preceding 5 years, and the percentage among those who had been screened within the previous 5 years and who were ever told they had high blood cholesterol, CDC analyzed BRFSS data from 2005, 2007, and 2009. The results of that analysis showed that the percentage of adults reporting having been screened for high blood cholesterol within the preceding 5 years increased overall from 72.7% in 2005 to 76.0% in 2009. In addition, the percentage who had ever been told they had high cholesterol increased from 33.2% to 35.0%. Both self-reported screening and high cholesterol varied by state and sociodemographic subgroup. To reach the Healthy People 2020 target for cholesterol screening, public health practitioners should emphasize the importance of screening, especially among younger adults, men, Hispanics, and persons with lower levels of education.

摘要

高胆固醇血症是动脉粥样硬化和冠心病(CHD)发展的主要危险因素。通过筛查和早期干预,可以降低与高胆固醇血症相关的风险。目前的临床实践指南为高胆固醇血症的检测、治疗和控制提供了循证标准。《健康人民 2020》通过国家健康访谈调查和国家健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)监测与高胆固醇血症筛查和控制相关的国家进展情况。使用行为危险因素监测系统(BRFSS)数据,可获得有关自我报告胆固醇筛查和高胆固醇血症流行率的州级估计值。为了评估过去 5 年内≥18 岁成年人接受高胆固醇血症筛查的比例以及在过去 5 年内接受过筛查且曾被告知患有高胆固醇血症的成年人的比例的最近趋势,CDC 分析了 2005、2007 和 2009 年 BRFSS 数据。该分析结果表明,在过去 5 年内报告接受过高胆固醇血症筛查的成年人比例总体从 2005 年的 72.7%上升到 2009 年的 76.0%。此外,曾被告知患有高胆固醇血症的成年人比例从 33.2%上升到 35.0%。自我报告的筛查和高胆固醇血症因州和社会人口亚组而异。为了实现《健康人民 2020》胆固醇筛查目标,公共卫生从业人员应强调筛查的重要性,尤其是在年轻成年人、男性、西班牙裔和受教育程度较低的人群中。

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