Phillips D E, Krueger S K
Department of Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717.
Exp Neurol. 1990 Jan;107(1):97-105. doi: 10.1016/0014-4886(90)90066-2.
This study morphologically evaluated the effects of limited postnatal alcohol exposure on the development of glial cells in the rat optic nerve. Rat pups were artificially reared on Days 5-18 with a supplemented milk diet fed via a chronic gastrostomy tube. Experimental animals received 4% ethanol in their diet on Days 5-9, otherwise the experimental and control animals received identical diets. Optic nerve tissues were prepared for electron microscopy on Days 10, 16, 22, 29, and 90. There were fewer glial cells per cross section and the cross-sectional areas of optic nerves were smaller on Days 10 and 16 in the ethanol-exposed animals. The alcohol caused a delay in the maturation of oligodendroglial cells at 10 days as evidenced by decreases in the total number of oligodendroglia present and by a delay in the appearance of immature cells within the oligodendroglial lineage. All of these effects were compensated for at later ages. There was no evidence of alcohol-induced degeneration of glial cells or their organelles. Thus, postnatal alcohol exposure causes a delay in oligodendrocyte maturation but appears to have no long-term effects on the glial cell population of rat optic nerve.
本研究从形态学角度评估了出生后有限期酒精暴露对大鼠视神经中胶质细胞发育的影响。在出生后第5至18天，通过慢性胃造瘘管给幼鼠人工喂养添加营养的乳类食物。实验动物在第5至9天的食物中添加4%的乙醇，除此之外，实验动物和对照动物的食物相同。在第10、16、22、29和90天制备视神经组织用于电子显微镜观察。在第10天和16天，乙醇暴露组动物每横截面上的胶质细胞较少，且视神经的横截面积较小。酒精导致少突胶质细胞在10天时成熟延迟，表现为少突胶质细胞总数减少以及少突胶质细胞谱系内未成熟细胞出现延迟。所有这些影响在后期都得到了补偿。没有证据表明酒精会导致胶质细胞或其细胞器发生变性。因此，出生后酒精暴露会导致少突胶质细胞成熟延迟，但似乎对视神经胶质细胞群体没有长期影响。
