Lombard L S, Kahn S P, Fromm E
Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1990 Jan;38(1):25-38. doi: 10.1080/00207149008414496.
30 volunteer Ss practiced self-hypnosis for approximately 4 weeks and wrote a record of their experiences in a diary following each session. Imagery produced during self-hypnosis was coded in 2 ways: the imagery was either reality oriented or it was fantastic and had primary process qualities. Levels of imagery production remained virtually the same over a 4-week period. Self-hypnotic imagery was significantly greater for the female Ss than for the male Ss, particularly primary process imagery. Verbal expressivity (measured as the average number of words per page of each S diary) was calculated to control for the effects of verbal production on Ss' imagery scores. When imagery scores were standardized based on verbal expressivity, female Ss still produced significantly more primary process imagery than male Ss. Personality characteristics (assessed by standardized personality inventories) were examined in relation to self-hypnotic imagery. "Impulse Expression" was positively related to primary process imagery for the female Ss. "Outgoingness" was positively related to primary process imagery for the entire sample, but especially for the female Ss.
30名志愿者被试进行了约4周的自我催眠，并在每次训练后将自己的经历记录在日记中。自我催眠过程中产生的意象从两个方面进行编码：意象要么以现实为导向，要么荒诞离奇且具有初级心理过程的特质。在4周的时间里，意象产生的水平基本保持不变。女性被试的自我催眠意象显著多于男性被试，尤其是初级心理过程意象。计算言语表达能力（以每个被试日记每页的平均单词数衡量），以控制言语产出对被试意象分数的影响。当根据言语表达能力对意象分数进行标准化时，女性被试仍然比男性被试产生显著更多的初级心理过程意象。研究了与自我催眠意象相关的人格特征（通过标准化人格量表评估）。“冲动表达”与女性被试的初级心理过程意象呈正相关。“外向性”与整个样本的初级心理过程意象呈正相关，尤其是与女性被试。
