Environmental Research Division, National Research Center, 12311 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
J Gen Virol. 2012 Dec;93(Pt 12):2564-2574. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.043299-0. Epub 2012 Sep 5.
Influenza epidemics are a major health concern worldwide. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses in Egypt have been subject to rapid genetic and antigenic changes since the first outbreak in February 2006 and have been endemic in poultry in Egypt since 2008. In this study, 33 H5N1 viruses isolated from avian hosts were antigenically analysed by using a panel of eight mAbs raised against the A/Viet Nam/1203/04 (H5N1; clade 1) and A/bar-headed goose/Qinghai-lake/1A/05 (H5N1; clade 2.2) influenza viruses. Rats were immunized with inactivated whole-virus vaccine produced by reverse genetics with the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of eight antigenically different HPAI H5N1 virus isolates and six internal genes from A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) to produce polyclonal antibodies. Cross-reactivity between the obtained polyclonal antibodies and the isolated viruses was assayed. Antigenic cartography of the isolated viruses showed that three antigenic clusters were defined based on haemagglutination inhibition (HI) analysis using mAbs and the majority of viruses isolated in 2010 and 2011 fell into two of these clusters. An antigenic map based on polyclonal rat antisera showed that all virus isolates fell within one extended cluster. Accordingly, continuous surveillance and antigenic characterization will help us determine which virus isolate(s) should be used in poultry vaccine preparation.
流感疫情是全球关注的一个主要健康问题。自 2006 年 2 月首次爆发以来，埃及的高致病性禽流感（HPAI）H5N1 病毒经历了快速的遗传和抗原变化，并自 2008 年以来在埃及家禽中流行。在这项研究中，使用针对 A/Viet Nam/1203/04（H5N1；谱系 1）和 A/bar-headed goose/Qinghai-lake/1A/05（H5N1；谱系 2.2）流感病毒的 8 株 mAb 对从禽类宿主分离的 33 株 H5N1 病毒进行了抗原分析。用反向遗传学生产的血凝素和神经氨酸酶基因的灭活全病毒疫苗对大鼠进行免疫，该疫苗由 8 株抗原不同的 HPAI H5N1 病毒分离株和 A/Puerto Rico/8/1934（PR8）的 6 个内部基因制成，以产生多克隆抗体。测定了获得的多克隆抗体与分离病毒之间的交叉反应性。分离病毒的抗原图谱显示，根据使用 mAb 的血凝抑制（HI）分析，将三个抗原簇定义为三个抗原簇，大多数 2010 年和 2011 年分离的病毒属于其中两个簇。基于多克隆大鼠抗血清的抗原图谱显示，所有病毒分离株均属于一个扩展的簇。因此，持续监测和抗原特征分析将有助于我们确定应在禽用疫苗制备中使用哪些病毒分离株。
