Blake A, Bülthoff H
Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK.
Nature. 1990 Jan 11;343(6254):165-8. doi: 10.1038/343165a0.
Images of artificial and natural scenes typically contain many highlights generated by mirror-like reflection from glossy surfaces. Until recently, computational models of visual processes have tended to regard highlights as obscuring the structure of the underlying scene. The truth is that, on the contrary, highlights are rich in local geometric information. Here we report that the three-dimensional appearance of a highlight on a computer-simulated stereoscopic curved surface affects observers' judgment of surface gloss. We also show that the 3-D appearance of a highlight affects the perception of surface curvature--that is, it can force an ambiguous convex-concave figure to change state. We thus conclude that human visual analysis seems to employ a physical model of the interaction of light with curved surfaces, a model firmly based on ray optics and differential geometry.
人工场景和自然场景的图像通常包含许多由光滑表面的镜面反射产生的高光。直到最近，视觉过程的计算模型往往将高光视为掩盖底层场景的结构。事实恰恰相反，高光富含局部几何信息。在此我们报告，计算机模拟的立体曲面上高光的三维外观会影响观察者对表面光泽度的判断。我们还表明，高光的三维外观会影响对表面曲率的感知——也就是说，它可以迫使一个模糊的凹凸图形改变状态。因此，我们得出结论，人类视觉分析似乎采用了光与曲面相互作用的物理模型，该模型牢固地基于光线光学和微分几何。
