Rosenfeld D L, Cordell C E, Jadeja N
Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick 08903-0019.
Pediatrics. 1990 Jan;85(1):92-7.
Fourteen neonates with posterior mediastinal air collections (retrocardiac pneumomediastinum) are described. In the majority of the infants (13 of 14), the mediastinal air developed as a complication of assisted ventilation. It is suggested that the retrocardiac pneumomediastinum represents air trapped in a potential space in the mediastinum posterior to the heart and not within the pulmonary ligament. The collections have a variable shape and size and rarely may produce a tension phenomenon elevating the posterior, inferior portion of the heart off of the diaphragm. There was a strong association of retrocardiac pneumomediastinum with other manifestations of extraalveolar air, including pulmonary interstitial emphysema (13 of 14 infants), pneumothorax (10 of 14 infants), dissection of air into the soft tissues of the neck (10 of 14 infants), and pneumoperitoneum (5 of 14 infants).
本文描述了14例患有后纵隔积气（心后区纵隔气肿）的新生儿。在大多数婴儿（14例中的13例）中，纵隔气肿是辅助通气的并发症。有人认为，心后区纵隔气肿是被困在心脏后方纵隔潜在间隙内的空气，而非肺韧带内的空气。积气的形状和大小各异，很少会产生使心脏后下部离开膈肌的张力现象。心后区纵隔气肿与肺泡外空气的其他表现密切相关，包括肺间质气肿（14例婴儿中的13例）、气胸（14例婴儿中的10例）、空气进入颈部软组织（14例婴儿中的10例）和气腹（14例婴儿中的5例）。
