Mishra Ram Manohar, Dube Madhulika, Saggurti Niranjan, Pandey Arvind, Mahapatra Bidhubhusan, Ramesh Sowmya
Population Council, New Delhi.
HIV AIDS (Auckl). 2012;4:141-8. doi: 10.2147/HIV.S35003. Epub 2012 Sep 3.
This study examines the relationship between entry into the trucking industry during adolescence and both sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among long-distance truck drivers in India. Data were sourced from a cross-sectional survey (sample size: 2066) undertaken in 2007 among long-distance truck drivers. The survey spread across major transshipment locations covering the bulk of India's transport volume along four routes. Participants were interviewed about sexual behaviors and were tested for HIV and STIs. The present authors constructed two synthetic cohorts based on the participants' duration of employment in the trucking industry: (1) low (duration ≤ 6 years) and (2) high experience (duration ≥ 7 years). Based on age at entry into the trucking industry, participants were termed as either adolescent (age at entry < 18 complete years) or adult entrants (age at entry ≥ 18 complete years). In the low-experience cohort, the adolescent entrants were more likely than the adult entrants to have sex with paid female partners (42.6% versus 27.2%, respectively; adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3-2.9) and to practice inconsistent condom use with such partners (69.1% versus 26.8%, respectively; adjusted OR: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.4-11.6). However, no significant differences were found in STI and HIV prevalence between the adolescent and the adult entrants in this cohort. In the high-experience cohort, the adolescent entrants were about two times more likely than the adult entrants to practice inconsistent condom use with paid female partners (38.5% versus 26.7%, respectively; adjusted OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1-2.8) and to test positive for HIV (7.4% versus 4.0%, respectively; adjusted OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.1) and syphilis (5.7% versus 3.5%, respectively; adjusted OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1-3.1). These results suggest the need for focused behavioral change programs in HIV prevention interventions for adolescent truckers in India and elsewhere.
本研究探讨了印度长途卡车司机在青少年时期进入货运行业与性传播感染（STIs）以及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染之间的关系。数据来源于2007年对长途卡车司机进行的一项横断面调查（样本量：2066）。该调查覆盖了主要的转运地点，涵盖了印度四条路线上的大部分运输量。参与者接受了性行为访谈，并进行了HIV和STIs检测。本研究作者根据参与者在货运行业的就业时长构建了两个合成队列：（1）低经验组（就业时长≤6年）和（2）高经验组（就业时长≥7年）。根据进入货运行业时的年龄，参与者被分为青少年（进入时年龄<18周岁）或成年进入者（进入时年龄≥18周岁）。在低经验队列中，青少年进入者与成年进入者相比，更有可能与付费女性性伴侣发生性行为（分别为42.6%和27.2%；调整后的优势比[OR]：1.9；95%置信区间[CI]：1.3 - 2.9），并且在与这类伴侣发生性行为时使用避孕套的情况不一致（分别为69.1%和26.8%；调整后的OR：5.3；95% CI：2.4 - 11.6）。然而，在该队列中，青少年进入者和成年进入者在STIs和HIV患病率方面没有发现显著差异。在高经验队列中，青少年进入者与成年进入者相比，在与付费女性性伴侣发生性行为时使用避孕套情况不一致的可能性高出约两倍（分别为38.5%和26.7%；调整后的OR：1.7；95% CI：1.1 - 2.8），HIV检测呈阳性的可能性也更高（分别为7.4%和4.0%；调整后的OR：1.9；95% CI：1.2 - 3.1），梅毒检测呈阳性的可能性也更高（分别为5.7%和3.5%；调整后的OR：
