Lichtenstein Bronwen, Hook Edward W, Grimley Diane M, St Lawrence Janet S, Bachmann Laura H
Department of Criminal Justice, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0320, USA.
Cult Health Sex. 2008 Jan;10(1):43-56. doi: 10.1080/13691050701582936.
Long-haul truck driving has been associated with HIV risk in developing countries but little research to date has considered whether truckers in the USA may also be at elevated risk for HIV and other STIs. This multi-method qualitative study explored HIV-risk factors among regional and cross-country truck drivers who were based in the southeastern USA. Data collection methods included focus groups conducted at company hubs and over Citizen's Band (CB) radio, and key informant interviews. Results indicated that sexual opportunities and risks are greater for long-haul drivers who often travel for long periods without returning home and who may engage in 'highway sex' in the absence of a regular home-life. Structural factors that have reduced drivers' autonomy, sexual risk taking and free time while traveling include recent trucking regulations, electronic surveillance and industry-wide trends emphasizing speed and efficiency. Other factors, such as age, experience, type of employment and type of route also play a role. Further research is needed to determine if these qualitative findings can be quantified in population-based studies that also include biomarker and incidence data.
在发展中国家，长途卡车驾驶与感染艾滋病毒的风险有关，但迄今为止，几乎没有研究考虑过美国的卡车司机是否也面临着更高的感染艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染的风险。这项多方法定性研究探讨了美国东南部地区和跨国卡车司机中的艾滋病毒风险因素。数据收集方法包括在公司枢纽和通过民用波段（CB）无线电进行的焦点小组讨论，以及关键信息提供者访谈。结果表明，对于经常长时间在外行驶而不回家、可能在没有正常家庭生活的情况下进行“公路性行为”的长途司机来说，性机会和风险更大。在行驶过程中，降低司机自主性、性冒险行为和自由时间的结构因素包括最近的货运法规、电子监控以及强调速度和效率的全行业趋势。其他因素，如年龄、经验、就业类型和路线类型也起作用。需要进一步研究以确定这些定性研究结果是否能够在包括生物标志物和发病率数据的基于人群的研究中进行量化。
