Madsbad Sten, Hermansen Kjeld
Endokrinologisk Afdeling, Hvidovre Hospital, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark.
Ugeskr Laeger. 2012 Sep 10;174(37):2143-6.
The variable pathogenesis and progressive nature of type 2 diabetes emphasise the need for new antidiabetic treatments. The long acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors have improved the treatment. Novel approaches include inhibitors of sodium glucose co-transporter 2, which increase renal glucose elimination, G-protein-coupled receptor agonists, which potentiate insulin and incretin hormone secretion. Proof of principle has been shown for glucagon receptor agonists, glucokinase activators and treatment with dual intestinal peptides, which all induce weight loss and improve glucose tolerance.
2型糖尿病发病机制的多样性和进行性凸显了新型抗糖尿病治疗的必要性。长效胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂和二肽基肽酶-4抑制剂改善了治疗效果。新的方法包括钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂，其可增加肾脏对葡萄糖的清除；G蛋白偶联受体激动剂，其可增强胰岛素和肠促胰岛素激素的分泌。胰高血糖素受体激动剂、葡萄糖激酶激活剂以及双肠肽治疗的原理验证已经得到证实，这些治疗均可导致体重减轻并改善糖耐量。
