Division for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Rheumatology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Horm Metab Res. 2013 Jan;45(1):74-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1323704. Epub 2012 Sep 12.
Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are the most common autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) affecting up to 5% of the general population. In Caucasians HT has a prevalence of up to 4.60% and GD a prevalence of 1-2%. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between HLA-A2 and the AITDs GD and HT among Caucasians. HLA alleles of 33 patients with GD and 75 patients with HT were determined by serological typing. The frequency of HLA A2 was significantly reduced in GD (p=0.033) but not in HT (p=n.s.) as compared to control samples. In individuals positive for HLA-A2 odds ratio for protection from GD was found to be 2.8. This study supports the hypothesis that genetic predisposition to GD is not restricted to MHC class II molecules. The significant negative association between HLA A2 and GD supports the hypothesis that MHC class I genes may be relevant for the protection from GD. In contrast the nonsignificant results for HT indicate that this association may not apply to AITDs in general.
格雷夫斯病（GD）和桥本甲状腺炎（HT）是最常见的自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD），影响了高达 5%的普通人群。在白种人中，HT 的患病率高达 4.60%，GD 的患病率为 1-2%。本研究旨在探讨 HLA-A2 与高加索人群中 AITD GD 和 HT 之间的关系。通过血清学分型确定了 33 例 GD 患者和 75 例 HT 患者的 HLA 等位基因。与对照样本相比，GD 中 HLA A2 的频率显著降低（p=0.033），但 HT 中则无此差异（p=n.s.）。对于 HLA-A2 阳性的个体，GD 的保护作用的优势比为 2.8。本研究支持遗传易感性不仅仅局限于 MHC Ⅱ类分子这一假说，HLA A2 与 GD 之间的显著负相关支持 MHC Ⅰ类基因可能与 GD 的保护作用相关的假说。相反，HT 的非显著性结果表明，这种关联可能不适用于一般的 AITD。
