Královec Karel, Žáková Pavla, Mužáková Vladimíra
Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
J Morphol. 2013 Jan;274(1):24-34. doi: 10.1002/jmor.20073. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
Using histological techniques and computer-aided three-dimensional reconstructions of histological serial sections, we studied the development of the olfactory and vomeronasal organs in the discoglossid frog Discoglossus pictus. The olfactory epithelium in larval D. pictus represents one continuous unit of tissue not divided into two separate portions. However, a small pouch of olfactory epithelium (the "ventromedial diverticulum") is embedded into the roof of the buccal cavity, anteromedial to the internal naris. The lateral appendix is present in D. pictus through the entire larval period and disappears during the onset of metamorphosis. The disappearance of the lateral appendix at this time suggests that it is a typical larval organ related to aquatic life. The vomeronasal organ develops during hindlimb development, which is comparatively late for anurans. The development of the vomeronasal organ in D. pictus follows the same general developmental pattern recognized for neobatrachians. As with most anurans, the vomeronasal glands appear later than the vomeronasal organ. After metamorphosis, the olfactory organ of adult D. pictus is composed of a series of three interconnected chambers: the cavum principale, cavum medium, and cavum inferius. We suggest that the ventromedial diverticulum at the anterior border of the internal naris of larval D. pictus might be homologous with the ventral olfactory epithelium of bufonids and with the similar diverticulum of Alytes.
利用组织学技术和组织学连续切片的计算机辅助三维重建，我们研究了盘舌蟾科盘舌蟾（Discoglossus pictus）嗅觉和犁鼻器的发育。盘舌蟾幼体的嗅觉上皮是一个连续的组织单位，未分为两个独立部分。然而，一小袋嗅觉上皮（“腹内侧憩室”）嵌入口腔顶部，位于内鼻孔的前内侧。盘舌蟾的侧突在整个幼体期都存在，并在变态开始时消失。此时侧突的消失表明它是一个与水生生活相关的典型幼体器官。犁鼻器在 hindlimb 发育期间发育，这对无尾目动物来说相对较晚。盘舌蟾犁鼻器的发育遵循新蛙类公认的一般发育模式。与大多数无尾目动物一样，犁鼻腺比犁鼻器出现得晚。变态后，成年盘舌蟾的嗅觉器官由一系列三个相互连接的腔室组成：主腔、中腔和下腔。我们认为，盘舌蟾幼体内鼻孔前缘的腹内侧憩室可能与蟾蜍科动物的腹侧嗅觉上皮以及产婆蟾（Alytes）的类似憩室同源。
