Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
Nat Prod Res. 2013;27(17):1521-7. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2012.725402. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
Apium graveolens L. (wild celery), belonging to the family of Apiaceae, is a scaposus hemicryptophyte. Instead, the cultivate plant is an annual or biennial herb widely used as a spice and seasoning in food. A broad range of biological activities have been attributed to A. graveolens. These include antimicrobial activity, larvicidal activity, hepatoprotective activity, nematicidal and mosquito repellent potential and antihyperlipidaemic properties.In this study, the authors compare the composition of the volatile fractions of A. graveolens collected in natural populations in Portugal and Italy and evaluate their potential as antifungal agents.The composition of the volatile oils obtained by hydrodistillation and their antifungal activity are reported. The oils were analysed by gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods and their composition were compared with that of the volatile extracts isolated by supercritical CO2. A chemical variability in the extracts depending on the origin of the plants and on the extraction method was observed. The results showed the presence of sedanenolide, neocnidilide and neophytadiene as main components. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal lethal concentration were used to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oils against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, Candida parapsilosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, Trichophyton verrucosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. The oil from Italy rich in neophytadiene is the more active, with MIC values of 0.04-0.64 µL mL(-1). Our results show that A. graveolens volatile extracts may be useful in the clinical treatment of fungal diseases.
野芹菜（Apium graveolens L.），伞形科植物，是一种半隐花植物。而栽培植物是一种一年生或二年生草本植物，广泛用作食品中的香料和调味料。野芹菜具有广泛的生物活性，包括抗菌活性、杀幼虫活性、保肝活性、杀线虫和驱蚊潜力以及抗高血脂特性。在这项研究中，作者比较了在葡萄牙和意大利自然种群中采集的野芹菜挥发物部分的组成，并评估了它们作为抗真菌剂的潜力。报告了通过水蒸馏获得的挥发油的组成及其抗真菌活性。通过气相色谱-火焰离子化检测器和气相色谱-质谱法对油进行了分析，并将其组成与通过超临界 CO2 分离的挥发提取物的组成进行了比较。结果表明，根据植物的来源和提取方法，提取物的化学成分存在差异。结果表明，存在芹菜烯醇、新拟除虫菊酯和新植二烯作为主要成分。最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小致死浓度用于评估油对白色念珠菌、热带念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、新型隐球菌、红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌变种间插指状、疣状毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌、石膏小孢子菌、絮状表皮癣菌、黑曲霉、烟曲霉和黄曲霉的抗真菌活性。富含新植二烯的意大利油是最活跃的，MIC 值为 0.04-0.64 μL mL（-1）。我们的结果表明，野芹菜挥发物提取物可能对真菌病的临床治疗有用。
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