Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Imaging, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Eur J Radiol. 2012 Dec;81(12):3953-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2012.08.011. Epub 2012 Sep 10.
Recent reports have detailed common computed tomography (CT) findings in drowning victims, most notably fluid accumulation in the maxillary and sphenoidal sinuses. This CT finding could help forensic doctors to diagnose drowning. This study retrospectively investigated 151 subjects: 39 drowning and 112 non-drowning cases. Pearson's chi-square tests demonstrated that fluid accumulation in the maxillary or sphenoidal sinuses was associated significantly with drowning (p=0.0001). The sensitivity of the drowning diagnosis was 97%, specificity was 35%, accuracy was 51%, positive predictive value was 34% and negative predictive value was 98%. Drowning was significantly associated with fluid accumulation in the maxillary and sphenoidal sinuses, but the specificity and positive predictive value of the drowning diagnosis were poor. Although the presence of fluid in the maxillary and sphenoidal sinuses cannot be used to diagnose drowning, the absence of the fluid can be used to virtually exclude drowning.
近期有报道详细说明了溺水受害者的常见计算机断层扫描（CT）表现，最显著的是上颌窦和蝶窦积液。这一 CT 发现有助于法医学医生诊断溺水。本研究回顾性调查了 151 例受试者：39 例溺水和 112 例非溺水病例。Pearson 卡方检验表明，上颌窦或蝶窦积液与溺水显著相关（p=0.0001）。溺水诊断的灵敏度为 97%，特异性为 35%，准确性为 51%，阳性预测值为 34%，阴性预测值为 98%。溺水与上颌窦和蝶窦积液显著相关，但溺水诊断的特异性和阳性预测值较差。尽管上颌窦和蝶窦积液的存在不能用于诊断溺水，但不存在积液几乎可以排除溺水。
