Crowder Stephen A, Melton Derrick J
Supported Living Incorporated, USA.
Tenn Med. 2012 Sep;105(8):49-51.
The factors associated with the cost of intellectual and developmental disabilities are the prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders, limited access to specialized services, the high cost of prescription medication, strained relationships with providers, and not enough latitude when it comes to selection of services. These factors work together to create an environment that is either conducive to or prohibitive of quality patient outcomes and improved perceptions of publicly-provided health care. Improving any of these factors would undoubtedly lower the overall annual cost. However, more research is required to understand how these factors affect both cost and perceptions. The factors addressed in this paper are the difference between mental healthcare and general healthcare; the prevalence of intellectual and developmental disabilities; the sociological impact of Medicaid services; out-of-pocket expenses; use of specialized mental health services; access to specialized services; and patients' relationship with providers.
与智力和发育障碍成本相关的因素包括广泛性发育障碍的患病率、获得专业服务的机会有限、处方药成本高昂、与服务提供者的关系紧张以及在服务选择方面缺乏足够的灵活性。这些因素共同作用，营造出一个要么有利于要么不利于实现优质患者治疗效果以及改善对公共医疗保健看法的环境。改善这些因素中的任何一个无疑都会降低年度总成本。然而，需要更多研究来了解这些因素如何影响成本和看法。本文所探讨的因素包括精神卫生保健与一般医疗保健之间的差异、智力和发育障碍的患病率、医疗补助服务的社会学影响、自付费用、专业精神卫生服务的使用、获得专业服务的机会以及患者与服务提供者的关系。
