Bukhari Syed Zahid, Qazi Javed Iqbal, Ashshi Ahmad Mohammad, Zia Naheed
Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Hera General Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2012 Sep;22(9):565-9.
To determine the frequency and epidemiological characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection, HIV disease progression, immune status and viral activity.
Descriptive study.
Department of Microbiology, University of the Punjab and Institute of Public Health, Lahore, from September 2005 to August 2008.
The study enrolled samples from general population, high risk groups and spouses of HIV+ deport workers with criteria; positive double enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and positive western blot. Immune status and viral activity was determined by cluster determinants (CD4+ and CD8+) cell count, ratio of CD4+/CD8+ on flow cytometer, and HIV RNA viral load on polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
A total of 116 HIV+ untreated subjects enrolled after screening of 2260 blood samples. The seroprevalence rate in general population, high risk individuals and spouses of HIV+ deport workers was found 0%, 0.4% and 26% respectively. The CD4+ cell count was found 533/mm3 (range 12-1800/mm3) and plasma viral load 27,122 copies/ml (range 00-40,621). The CD4+/CD8+ ratios < 0.5, < 1, < 1.5 and < 2 appeared as 17.2%, 30.2%, 51.7% and 0.9% respectively. Significant correlation was observed between plasma viral load, CD4+ count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (p = 0.001). CD4+ T-cell counts < 200 cells/mm3 was found in 23 HIV+ patients.
There was a low frequency of HIV in the general population and high risks groups as compared to very high frequency in spouses of HIV+ deport workers with significant correlation of viral activity and immune status.
确定1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）感染的频率和流行病学特征、HIV疾病进展、免疫状态及病毒活性。
描述性研究。
2005年9月至2008年8月，旁遮普大学微生物学系及拉合尔公共卫生研究所。
该研究纳入符合标准的一般人群、高危人群及HIV阳性归国劳工配偶的样本；双酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）阳性且免疫印迹法阳性。通过流式细胞仪检测群集决定簇（CD4+和CD8+）细胞计数、CD4+/CD8+比值来确定免疫状态，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测HIV RNA病毒载量来确定病毒活性。
在对2260份血样进行筛查后，共纳入116名未接受治疗的HIV阳性受试者。一般人群、高危个体及HIV阳性归国劳工配偶的血清阳性率分别为0%、0.4%和26%。CD4+细胞计数为533/mm³（范围为12 - 1800/mm³），血浆病毒载量为27,122拷贝/ml（范围为0 - 40,621）。CD4+/CD8+比值<0.5、<1、<1.5和<2的比例分别为17.2%、30.2%、51.7%和0.9%。血浆病毒载量、CD4+计数和CD4+/CD8+比值之间存在显著相关性（p = 0.001）。23名HIV阳性患者的CD4+ T细胞计数<200细胞/mm³。
与HIV阳性归国劳工配偶中极高的感染频率相比，一般人群和高危人群中的HIV感染频率较低，且病毒活性与免疫状态存在显著相关性。
