Buchwald W, Grubska B
Institute of Ecology and Environment, Nicholas Copernicus University, Department of Anthropology, Toruń, Poland.
Homo. 2012 Oct;63(5):385-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jchb.2012.07.002. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
Altogether 20 traits of the fingers, 22 traits of the palm and 8 traits of the sole were taken into consideration, on both sides of the bodies of 1652 males and 1628 females. Numbers of asymmetrical variants of the traits within the whole complex of 25 pairs of traits were determined individually. In the case of descriptive traits, asymmetry was deemed to be the occurrence on either side of the body of non-identical variants of the traits, and for quantitative traits, the absolute difference of at least two ridges was accepted. These differences were marked with the value 1 (additionally 0.5 on the fingers when the difference concerned only the direction of the pattern). The sum of these values constituted the total number of asymmetric traits, which was expressed by the index: IA=number of asymmetric traits×100/25. For individual traits, the frequency of asymmetric variants was determined, and here the measure of asymmetry was expressed as the relations of their sum to the total numbers. In both sexes, the lowest level of asymmetry concerns patterns of the II inter-digital area, the thenar, the IV, III and I areas of the sole, and fingers 5 and 3, while the highest level concerns patterns of finger 2, asymmetry of C-line and A-line exits, the ridge count on the fingers and in the inter-digital areas of the palm. The greatest dimorphism is demonstrated by the asymmetry of the patterns of the II inter-digital area of the palm, finger 4, the IV area of the sole, the thenar, finger 1, line B and the ridge count on finger 2. As a consequence, the mean of the asymmetry index (IA) in males (46.24) is higher than in females (44.43). The proposed index of dermatoglyphic asymmetry (IA) may be used for comparative purposes in population, clinical, auxological and genetic research.
共考虑了1652名男性和1628名女性身体两侧手指的20种性状、手掌的22种性状和脚底的8种性状。在这25对性状的整个复合体中，分别确定了各性状不对称变异的数量。对于描述性性状，不对称被定义为身体两侧出现不同的性状变异；对于数量性状，至少有两条嵴的绝对差异被视为不对称。这些差异记为值1（当差异仅涉及花纹方向时，手指上记为0.5）。这些值的总和构成不对称性状的总数，用指数表示为：IA = 不对称性状数×100/25。对于单个性状，确定不对称变异的频率，此处不对称的度量表示为其总和与总数的关系。在两性中，不对称程度最低的是第II指蹼区、大鱼际、脚底的IV、III和I区以及第5和第3指的花纹，而最高的是第2指的花纹、C线和A线出口的不对称、手指及手掌指蹼区的嵴数。手掌第II指蹼区、第4指、脚底IV区、大鱼际、第1指、B线以及第2指嵴数的不对称表现出最大的两性差异。因此，男性的不对称指数（IA）平均值（46.24）高于女性（44.43）。所提出的皮纹不对称指数（IA）可用于人群、临床、人体学和遗传学研究中的比较。
