Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
J Appl Microbiol. 2013 Jan;114(1):71-83. doi: 10.1111/jam.12020. Epub 2012 Oct 12.
To explore rhizospheric microbial communities from Arctic native plant species evaluating their bacterial hydrocarbon-degrading capacities.
Eriophorum scheuchzeri, Potentilla cf. rubricaulis, Oxyria digyna, Salix arctica and Puccinellia angustata plant species were collected at Eureka (Canadian high Arctic) along with their rhizospheric soil samples. Their bacterial community fingerprints (16S rRNA gene, DGGE) were distinctive encompassing members from the phyla: Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Isolated diesel-degrading bacteria belonged to the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Strains of Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Intrasporangiaceae, Leifsoni and Arthrobacter possessed alkB and Pseudomonas possessed both ndoB and xylE gene sequences. Two Rhodococcus strains mineralized [1-(14) C] hexadecane at 5 and -5°C. From the rhizosphere of P. angustata, larger numbers of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were isolated than from other plant rhizosphere samples and all three genes alkB (from Actinobacteria), ndoB and xylE (from Pseudomonas) were detected by PCR.
(i) Arctic plants have unique rhizospheric bacterial communities. (ii) P. angustata has potential for phytoremediation research at high Arctic soils. (iii) Isolated bacteria mineralized hydrocarbons at ambient low temperatures.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first rhizospheric exploration examining the phytoremediation potential of five Arctic plants and evaluating their microbial hydrocarbon-degrading capacities.
从北极本土植物物种的根际微生物群落中探索其具有细菌烃类降解能力。
在加拿大北极的尤里卡（Eureka）采集了柳兰（Eriophorum scheuchzeri）、宽叶仙女木（Potentilla cf. rubricaulis）、二歧委陵菜（Oxyria digyna）、北极柳（Salix arctica）和窄叶星星草（Puccinellia angustata）植物及其根际土壤样本。它们的细菌群落指纹图谱（16S rRNA 基因，DGGE）具有独特性，包括厚壁菌门、Firmicutes、放线菌门和变形菌门的成员。分离出的柴油降解菌属于放线菌门和变形菌门。分枝杆菌属、诺卡氏菌属、红球菌属、内孢子菌科、莱氏菌属和节杆菌属的菌株具有 alkB 基因，而假单胞菌属则具有 ndoB 和 xylE 基因序列。两株红球菌属菌株可在 5°C 和-5°C 下矿化[1-（14）C]十六烷。与其他植物根际样本相比，从 P. angustata 的根际分离出了更多的烃类降解菌，并且通过 PCR 检测到了 alkB（来自放线菌门）、ndoB 和 xylE（来自假单胞菌属）三个基因。
（i）北极植物具有独特的根际细菌群落。（ii）P. angustata 具有在北极土壤中进行植物修复研究的潜力。（iii）分离出的细菌在环境低温下矿化烃类。
据我们所知，这是首次对五种北极植物的根际微生物群落进行探索，评估其微生物烃类降解能力的研究。
