Yap How Swen, Zakaria Nur Nadhirah, Zulkharnain Azham, Sabri Suriana, Gomez-Fuentes Claudio, Ahmad Siti Aqlima
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Apr 22;10(5):354. doi: 10.3390/biology10050354.
The increased usage of petroleum oils in cold regions has led to widespread oil pollutants in soils. The harsh environmental conditions in cold environments allow the persistence of these oil pollutants in soils for more than 20 years, raising adverse threats to the ecosystem. Microbial bioremediation was proposed and employed as a cost-effective tool to remediate petroleum hydrocarbons present in soils without significantly posing harmful side effects. However, the conventional hydrocarbon bioremediation requires a longer time to achieve the clean-up standard due to various environmental factors in cold regions. Recent biotechnological improvements using biostimulation and/or bioaugmentation strategies are reported and implemented to enhance the hydrocarbon removal efficiency under cold conditions. Thus, this review focuses on the enhanced bioremediation for hydrocarbon-polluted soils in cold regions, highlighting in situ and ex situ approaches and few potential enhancements via the exploitation of molecular and microbial technology in response to the cold condition. The bibliometric analysis of the hydrocarbon bioremediation research in cold regions is also presented.
寒冷地区石油的使用量增加，导致土壤中出现大量石油污染物。寒冷环境中的恶劣条件使得这些石油污染物在土壤中持续存在20多年，对生态系统构成了不利威胁。微生物生物修复作为一种具有成本效益的工具被提出并用于修复土壤中存在的石油烃，且不会产生明显的有害副作用。然而，由于寒冷地区的各种环境因素，传统的烃类生物修复需要更长时间才能达到清理标准。据报道，最近利用生物刺激和/或生物强化策略进行了生物技术改进，以提高寒冷条件下的烃类去除效率。因此，本综述重点关注寒冷地区烃类污染土壤的强化生物修复，强调原位和异位方法，以及通过利用分子和微生物技术应对寒冷条件的一些潜在改进措施。还介绍了寒冷地区烃类生物修复研究的文献计量分析。
