Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.
Rev Med Virol. 2012 Nov;22(6):412-9. doi: 10.1002/rmv.1729. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
Influenza A viruses (IAVs), particularly the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1, have posed a substantial threat to public health worldwide. Although the laboratory generation of the mutant influenza virus H5N1 with airborne transmissibility among mammals, which has been considered as a dual-use research, may benefit the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics against the emerging infectious agents, it may also pose threats to national biosecurity, laboratory biosafety, and/or public health. This review introduces the classification and characterization of IAVs, pinpoints historic pandemics and epidemics caused by IAVs, emphasizes the significance and necessity of biosafety, summarizes currently established biosafety-related protocols for IAV research, and provides potential strategies to improve biosafety protocols for dual-use research on the highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses and other emerging infectious agents.
甲型流感病毒（IAVs），尤其是高致病性禽流感 H5N1，对全球公共卫生构成了重大威胁。尽管实验室已经成功培育出可在哺乳动物间空气传播的变异型流感病毒 H5N1，这一被认为具有两用研究性质的成果可能有利于开发针对新兴传染病的有效疫苗和疗法，但也可能对国家生物安全、实验室生物安全和/或公共卫生构成威胁。本综述介绍了 IAV 的分类和特征，指出了由 IAV 引起的历史大流行和疫情，强调了生物安全的重要性和必要性，总结了目前针对 IAV 研究建立的与生物安全相关的协议，并提供了一些可能的策略来改进高致病性禽流感病毒和其他新兴传染病的两用研究的生物安全协议。
