Department of Medicine Obesity Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Nov;96(5):953-61. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.038265. Epub 2012 Sep 18.
The effectiveness of commercial weight-loss programs consisting of very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs) and low-calorie diets (LCDs) is unclear.
The aim of the study was to quantify weight loss and dropout during a commercial weight-loss program in Sweden (Itrim; cost: $1300/€1000; all participants paid their own fee).
This observational cohort study linked commercial weight-loss data with National Health Care Registers. Weight loss was induced with a 500-kcal liquid-formula VLCD [n = 3773; BMI (in kg/m(2)): 34 ± 5 (mean ± SD); 80% women; 45 ± 12 y of age (mean ± SD)], a 1200-1500-kcal formula and food-combination LCD (n = 4588; BMI: 30 ± 4; 86% women; 50 ± 11 y of age), and a 1500-1800-kcal/d restricted normal-food diet (n = 676; BMI: 29 ± 5; 81% women; 51 ± 12 y of age). Maintenance strategies included exercise and a calorie-restricted diet. Weight loss was analyzed by using an intention-to-treat analysis (baseline substitution).
After 1 y, mean (±SD) weight changes were -11.4 ± 9.1 kg with the VLCD (18% dropout), -6.8 ± 6.4 kg with the LCD (23% dropout), and -5.1 ± 5.9 kg with the restricted normal-food diet (26% dropout). In an adjusted analysis, the VLCD group lost 2.8 kg (95% CI: 2.5, 3.2) and 3.8 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 4.5) more than did the LCD and restricted normal-food groups, respectively. A high baseline BMI and rapid initial weight loss were both independently associated with greater 1-y weight loss (P < 0.001). Younger age and low initial weight loss predicted an increased dropout rate (P < 0.001). Treatment of depression (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1, 1.9) and psychosis (OR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 6.3) were associated with an increased dropout rate in the VLCD group.
A commercial weight-loss program, particularly one using a VLCD, was effective at reducing body weight in self-selected, self-paying adults.
非常低卡路里饮食（VLCD）和低卡路里饮食（LCD）组成的商业减肥计划的有效性尚不清楚。
本研究旨在量化瑞典（Itrim；费用：$1300/€1000；所有参与者均自费）商业减肥计划中的体重减轻和脱落情况。
本观察性队列研究将商业减肥数据与国家卫生保健登记处相关联。体重减轻是通过摄入 500 卡路里的液体配方 VLCD [n = 3773；BMI（kg/m²）：34 ± 5（平均值 ± 标准差）；80%女性；45 ± 12 岁（平均值 ± 标准差）]、1200-1500 卡路里配方和食物组合 LCD（n = 4588；BMI：30 ± 4；86%女性；50 ± 11 岁）和 1500-1800 卡路里/天限制正常食物饮食（n = 676；BMI：29 ± 5；81%女性；51 ± 12 岁）实现。维持策略包括运动和限制热量的饮食。采用意向治疗分析（基线替代）分析体重减轻情况。
1 年后，VLCD（18%脱落）、LCD（23%脱落）和限制正常食物饮食（26%脱落）的平均（±SD）体重变化分别为-11.4 ± 9.1kg、-6.8 ± 6.4kg 和-5.1 ± 5.9kg。在调整分析中，VLCD 组比 LCD 和限制正常食物组分别多减重 2.8kg（95%CI：2.5, 3.2）和 3.8kg（95%CI：3.2, 4.5）。基线 BMI 高和初始体重快速下降均与 1 年体重减轻显著相关（P < 0.001）。年轻和初始体重下降较低预示着更高的脱落率（P < 0.001）。治疗抑郁症（OR：1.4；95%CI：1.1, 1.9）和精神病（OR：2.6；95%CI：1.1, 6.3）与 VLCD 组的脱落率增加相关。
商业减肥计划，特别是使用 VLCD 的计划，对自选择、自费的成年人减轻体重非常有效。
Zotero 插件
