Hirata Kenji, Shiga Tohru, Fujima Noriyuki, Manabe Osamu, Usui Reiko, Kuge Yuji, Tamaki Nagara
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Acta Radiol. 2012 Dec 1;53(10):1155-7. doi: 10.1258/ar.2012.120382. Epub 2012 Sep 19.
Encephalitis is generally diagnosed by clinical symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid examination, and imaging studies including CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and perfusion single photon emission tomography (SPECT). However, the role of positron emission tomography (PET) in diagnosis of encephalitis remains unclear. A 49-year-old woman presenting with coma and elevated inflammatory reaction was diagnosed as having encephalitis according to slow activity on electroencephalogram, broad cortical lesion in MR fluid attenuated inversion recovery image, and increased blood flow demonstrated by SPECT. PET revealed increased accumulation of (11)C-methionine (MET) in the affected brain tissues. After the symptom had improved 2 months later, the accumulation of MET as well as the abnormal findings of MR imaging and SPECT was normalized. This case indicated that MET PET may monitor the activity of encephalitis.
脑炎通常通过临床症状、脑脊液检查以及包括CT、磁共振成像（MRI）和灌注单光子发射断层扫描（SPECT）在内的影像学研究来诊断。然而，正电子发射断层扫描（PET）在脑炎诊断中的作用仍不明确。一名49岁出现昏迷且炎症反应升高的女性，根据脑电图上的慢波活动、MR液体衰减反转恢复图像上的广泛皮质病变以及SPECT显示的血流增加，被诊断为脑炎。PET显示受影响的脑组织中（11）C-蛋氨酸（MET）的摄取增加。2个月后症状改善后，MET的摄取以及MR成像和SPECT的异常表现恢复正常。该病例表明MET PET可能监测脑炎的活动情况。
