George Kelly A, Archer Melanie S, Toop Tes
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Vic., 3220, Australia.
J Forensic Sci. 2013 Jan;58 Suppl 1:S112-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02277.x. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
Worldwide research into nocturnal colonization by blowflies has produced many contradictory findings, prompting investigation specific to southeastern Australia. Initial experiments showed that blowfly colonization begins shortly after sunrise and continues until sunset; nocturnal colonization never occurred. Colonization peaks occurred at mid-morning, midday, and in the hours preceding sunset. In an additional experiment, wild blowflies were captured and placed in cages with colonization medium supplied nocturnally. Colonization occurred on four of five nights, and Calliphora augur (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was the main species colonizing baits nocturnally. Results suggest that colonization is most likely to occur during warm weather and when flies are able to walk or crawl to bait. In particular, blowflies trapped within a confined space (such as a room or car) with warmer-than-ambient temperature may be stimulated to colonize nearby remains. Entomologists should consider these findings when estimating minimum postmortem interval under these environmental conditions.
全球范围内对丽蝇夜间在尸体上产卵繁殖的研究产生了许多相互矛盾的结果，这促使人们对澳大利亚东南部进行专门调查。初步实验表明，丽蝇在日出后不久开始在尸体上产卵繁殖，并持续到日落；夜间不会出现这种情况。产卵繁殖高峰出现在上午中旬、中午以及日落前的几个小时。在另一项实验中，捕捉野生丽蝇并将其放置在夜间提供产卵繁殖介质的笼子里。在五个夜晚中的四个夜晚出现了产卵繁殖现象，澳洲丝光绿蝇（Calliphora augur）（双翅目：丽蝇科）是夜间在诱饵上产卵繁殖的主要物种。结果表明，产卵繁殖最有可能发生在温暖天气以及苍蝇能够行走或爬行到诱饵处的时候。特别是，被困在温度高于环境温度的密闭空间（如房间或汽车）内的丽蝇可能会受到刺激，在附近的尸体上产卵繁殖。昆虫学家在估计这些环境条件下的最短死后间隔时应考虑这些发现。
