Department of Kinesiology and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jul;27(7):1749-57. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31827367cd.
Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is a clustering of metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of MetSyn risk factors in high school (HS) and college (College) football players and to examine if the prevalence varied according to body fat percent (%Fat). One hundred twenty-three males (height 179.0 ± 6.7 cm; weight 89.4 ± 19.6 kg) from 7 different high schools and 82 males (height 186.2 ± 6.8 cm; weight 99.6 ± 16.8 kg) from one university participated. All testing occurred in the early morning after an overnight fast. %Fat, waist circumference, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and blood glucose were determined using standard testing procedures. The MetSyn risk factor levels were determined using American Heart Association criteria. Subjects were grouped by position and playing level (HS, College). Independent t-tests, chi-square analysis, 2-way analysis of variance, and path analytic models were used in the statistical analysis. Significance was set at p < 0.05. 6.8% (n = 14) of the sample met the American Heart Association criteria for MetSyn. Offensive and defensive linemen accounted for 92.3% of the players meeting MetSyn criteria with each playing level (HS, College) having 7 subjects. The MetSyn criteria differed significantly across %Fat. Obese players were more likely to meet the criteria for MetSyn. %Fat was a statistically significant predictor of mean arterial blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, and waist circumference. The MetSyn exists in both HS- and College-level football players, with almost all cases occurring in the athletes with the highest levels of %Fat (offensive/defensive lineman). Strength and conditioning coaches should be aware of the prevalence of MetSyn risk factors in offensive and defensive linemen and take appropriate actions to ensure athlete safety.
代谢综合征（MetSyn）是代谢和心血管疾病危险因素的聚类。本研究的目的是确定高中（HS）和大学（College）足球运动员中代谢综合征危险因素的患病率，并检查其是否因体脂百分比（%Fat）而异。来自 7 所不同高中的 123 名男性（身高 179.0 ± 6.7cm；体重 89.4 ± 19.6kg）和来自 1 所大学的 82 名男性（身高 186.2 ± 6.8cm；体重 99.6 ± 16.8kg）参加了这项研究。所有测试均在清晨禁食一夜后进行。使用标准测试程序确定%Fat、腰围、静息收缩压和舒张压、空腹甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇和血糖。使用美国心脏协会标准确定代谢综合征危险因素水平。根据位置和比赛水平（HS、College）将受试者分组。在统计分析中使用独立 t 检验、卡方分析、2 因素方差分析和路径分析模型。显著性水平设置为 p<0.05。该样本中 6.8%（n=14）符合美国心脏协会代谢综合征标准。进攻和防守线员占符合代谢综合征标准的球员的 92.3%，每个比赛水平（HS、College）都有 7 名球员。代谢综合征标准因%Fat 而异。肥胖运动员更有可能符合代谢综合征标准。%Fat 是平均动脉血压、HDL 胆固醇和腰围的统计学上显著的预测因子。代谢综合征存在于高中和大学足球运动员中，几乎所有病例都发生在体脂百分比最高的运动员（进攻/防守线员）中。力量和体能教练应该意识到进攻和防守线员中代谢综合征危险因素的流行，并采取适当措施确保运动员的安全。
