Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012 Aug;11(8):949-62. doi: 10.1586/erv.12.71.
Currently licensed influenza vaccines rely predominantly on the induction of strain-matched hemagglutination inhibition antibody responses. These vaccines have a proven record of safety and efficacy in preventing influenza-induced illness and complications. However, they do not confer protection to all vaccinated individuals, and the protection they afford is short-lived, particularly in older adults. Hemagglutination inhibition titers induced by these vaccines are considered correlates of protection, but recent data demonstrate that this is not always the case. It is clear that better insight is needed into the immune responses that correlate with protection against human influenza. Influenza vaccines that can induce cross-reactive cellular immune responses (CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) T-cell responses) might correct some of the shortcomings of currently used influenza vaccines. In the future, the use of infection-permissive and disease-modifying vaccines that allow for the induction of cross-reactive T-cell responses may become a valuable complement to the administration of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines.
目前许可使用的流感疫苗主要依赖于诱导与株匹配的血凝抑制抗体反应。这些疫苗在预防流感引起的疾病和并发症方面具有安全有效的既定记录。然而，它们并不能为所有接种疫苗的人提供保护，而且它们提供的保护是短暂的，特别是在老年人中。这些疫苗诱导的血凝抑制滴度被认为是保护的相关指标，但最近的数据表明情况并非总是如此。显然，我们需要更好地了解与预防人类流感相关的免疫反应。能够诱导交叉反应性细胞免疫反应（CD4(+)和/或 CD8(+) T 细胞反应）的流感疫苗可能会纠正目前使用的流感疫苗的一些缺点。在未来，使用允许诱导交叉反应性 T 细胞反应的感染性和疾病修饰疫苗可能成为三价灭活流感疫苗接种的有价值的补充。
