Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Phys Rev Lett. 2012 May 18;108(20):200401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.200401. Epub 2012 May 14.
Departing from the usual paradigm of local operations and classical communication adopted in entanglement theory, we study here the interconversion of quantum states by means of local operations and shared randomness. A set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such a transformation between two given quantum states is given in terms of the payoff they yield in a suitable class of nonlocal games. It is shown that, as a consequence of our result, such a class of nonlocal games is able to witness quantum entanglement, however weak, and reveal nonlocality in any entangled quantum state. An example illustrating this fact is provided.
本文偏离了纠缠理论中采用的局部操作和经典通信的常规范例,转而研究通过局部操作和共享随机性来实现量子态的转换。基于它们在一类合适的非局域博弈中产生的收益,本文给出了在两个给定的量子态之间存在这种转换的一组充分必要条件。结果表明,由于我们的结论,这样一类非局域博弈能够见证哪怕很微弱的量子纠缠,并揭示任何纠缠量子态中的非局域性。本文提供了一个例子来说明这一事实。