Department of Animal Science, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran Iran Research Institute of Animal Science, Karaj, Iran.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2013 Dec;97(6):1022-9. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12005. Epub 2012 Sep 26.
This study investigated physiological effects of pistachio by-products silage (PBPS) substituted in Holstein male calves diets and its effects on the growth performance. Twenty-four Holstein male calves (4-5 months of age and 155.6 ± 13.5 kg BW) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets (n = 6); contained 0%, 6%, 12% and 18% of PBPS (DM basis) respectively. During a 6-month experiment, dry matter intake (DMI) and weight gain were recorded and blood and urine samples were collected at different times. Results showed that mean DMI was not affected by different levels of PBPS in diets. But the calves fed 6% PBPS had the highest average daily gain (p < 0.05) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The calves fed 12% and 18% PBPS had lower albumin, white blood cell, haemoglobin and packed cell volume (p < 0.05) than those fed other diets. However, other serum metabolites, complete blood count (CBC), insulin and liver enzymes were not affected by the experimental diets. The long-term feeding of PBPS at different levels had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on pH, specific gravity, the number of white and red blood cells and epithelial cells count in urine. The animals did not show any symptom of illness or toxicity during the experimental period and all of the blood and urine parameters were in a normal range. It was concluded that substitution of PBPS up to 18% of the total diet that provide up to 18.2 g/kg DM total tannin had no adverse effects for Holstein male calves.
本研究通过调查在荷斯坦公犊日粮中添加巴旦木副产物青贮（PBPS）对其生长性能的影响，来探究 PBPS 的生理效应。24 头荷斯坦公犊（4-5 月龄，体重 155.6±13.5kg）随机分为 4 个实验组，每个实验组 6 头，分别饲喂 0%、6%、12%和 18%（DM 基础）的 PBPS。在为期 6 个月的试验中，记录干物质采食量（DMI）和体重增加，并在不同时间采集血液和尿液样本。结果表明，不同水平的 PBPS 对平均 DMI 没有影响。但饲喂 6% PBPS 的犊牛平均日增重最高（p<0.05），饲料转化率最低（p<0.05）。饲喂 12%和 18% PBPS 的犊牛白蛋白、白细胞、血红蛋白和红细胞压积均低于其他日粮（p<0.05）。然而，其他血清代谢物、全血计数（CBC）、胰岛素和肝酶不受实验日粮的影响。长期以不同水平饲喂 PBPS 对尿液的 pH 值、比重、白细胞和红细胞数量以及上皮细胞计数没有显著影响（p>0.05）。在试验期间，动物没有表现出任何疾病或毒性症状，所有血液和尿液参数均在正常范围内。综上所述，在日粮中添加高达 18%的 PBPS（可提供高达 18.2g/kg DM 总单宁）对荷斯坦公犊无不良影响。
