Lassen J F, Ravn H B, Lassen S F
Ugeskr Laeger. 1990 Jan 29;152(5):314-7.
A number of the wild Danish mushrooms contain the hallucinogenic agent psilocybin which resembles LSD in many ways. The commonest of these are the "liberty cap" or "magic mushrooms" (Psilocybe semilanceata). On the basis of experience from USA and western Europa, increase in employment of this mushrooms as a hallucinogenic intoxicant may be anticipated in Denmark. The history, epidemiology, botany and pharmacology of the mushroom are reviewed. Clinical pictures and treatment are described for: 1) Acute poisoning with psilocybin-containing fungi, 2) Late sequelae of consumption of psilocybin-containing fungi and 3) Poisoning with more poisonous fungi on account of incorrect identification. General practitioners, duty roster doctors, doctors in casualty departments and in acute psychiatric departments should be aware of these problems. Intoxication with psilocybin may be confused with panic anxiety or euphoria in persons with mydriasis and other sympathomimetic symptoms. The possibility of more serious mushroom poisoning on account of incorrect identification should be borne in mind.
丹麦的一些野生蘑菇含有致幻剂裸盖菇素，它在许多方面类似于麦角酸二乙酰胺（LSD）。其中最常见的是“自由帽”或“神奇蘑菇”（半卵形斑褶菇）。根据美国和西欧的经验，预计丹麦使用这种蘑菇作为致幻性麻醉品的情况会增加。本文回顾了这种蘑菇的历史、流行病学、植物学和药理学。描述了以下方面的临床症状和治疗方法：1）含裸盖菇素真菌的急性中毒；2）食用含裸盖菇素真菌的后期后遗症；3）因错误识别而导致的更有毒真菌中毒。全科医生、值班医生、急诊科医生和急性精神科医生应了解这些问题。裸盖菇素中毒可能与瞳孔散大及其他拟交感神经症状患者的惊恐焦虑或欣快感相混淆。应牢记因错误识别而导致更严重蘑菇中毒的可能性。
