Shi Linli, Yang Xiangqun
No.2 Clinical Company, Graduate Management Team, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Aug;26(8):1007-11.
To introduce types and differentiation potentials of stem cells from adipose tissue, and its applications on regenerative medicine and advantages.
The literature of original experimental study and clinical research about bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells was extensively reviewed and analyzed.
ADSCs can be isolated from stromal vascular fraction. As ADSCs have multi-lineage potentials, such as adipogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, myogenesis, and neurogenesis, they have already been successfully used in regenerative medicine areas. Dramatically, mature fat cells can be dedifferentiated and changed into fibroblast-like cells, named DFAT cells, via ceiling culture method. DFAT cells also had the same multi-lineage potentials as ADSCs, differentiating into adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, endothelial cells, muscle cells, and nerve cells. Compared with BMSCs which are commonly used as adult stem cells, ADSCs and DFAT cells have extensive sources and can be easily acquired. While compared with ADSCs, DFAT cells have good homogeneity and strong proliferation capacity.
As a potential source of stem cells, adipose tissue will provide a new promising for regenerative medicine.
介绍脂肪组织来源干细胞的类型、分化潜能及其在再生医学中的应用和优势。
广泛查阅并分析有关骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）、脂肪来源干细胞（ADSCs）和去分化脂肪（DFAT）细胞的原始实验研究及临床研究文献。
ADSCs可从基质血管成分中分离得到。由于ADSCs具有多向分化潜能，如向脂肪、骨、软骨、血管、肌肉和神经细胞分化，它们已成功应用于再生医学领域。引人注目的是，成熟脂肪细胞可通过悬浮培养法去分化为成纤维样细胞，即DFAT细胞。DFAT细胞也具有与ADSCs相同的多向分化潜能，可分化为脂肪细胞、骨细胞、软骨细胞、内皮细胞、肌肉细胞和神经细胞。与常用的成体干细胞BMSCs相比，ADSCs和DFAT细胞来源广泛且易于获取。与ADSCs相比，DFAT细胞具有良好的均一性和较强的增殖能力。
脂肪组织作为一种潜在的干细胞来源，将为再生医学提供新的前景。
