Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Occup Environ Med. 2013 Jan;70(1):49-56. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2012-100920. Epub 2012 Sep 26.
To estimate the rate of work injury over the 24 h clock in Ontario workers over 5 years (2004-2008).
A cross-sectional, observational study of work-related injury and illness was conducted for a population of occupationally active adults using two independent data sources (lost-time compensation claims and emergency department encounter records). Hours worked annually by the Ontario labour force by time of day, age, gender and occupation were estimated from population-based surveys.
There was an approximately 40% higher incidence of emergency department visits for work-related conditions than of lost-time workers' compensation claims (707 933 emergency department records and 457 141 lost-time claims). For men and women and across all age groups, there was an elevated risk of work-related injury or illness in the evening, night and early morning periods in both administrative data sources. This elevated risk was consistently observed across manual, mixed and non-manual occupational groups. The fraction of lost-time compensation claims that can be attributed to elevated risk of work injury in evening or night work schedules is 12.5% for women and 5.8% for men.
Despite the high prevalence of employment in non-daytime work schedules in developed economies, the work injury hazards associated with evening and night schedules remain relatively invisible. This study has demonstrated the feasibility of using administrative data sources to enhance capacity to conduct surveillance of work injury risk by time of day. More sophisticated aetiological research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms of hazards associated with non-regular work hours.
估计安大略省超过 5 年（2004-2008 年）的工人在 24 小时内的工伤发生率。
采用横断面观察性研究方法，利用两个独立的数据来源（丧失工作能力补偿索赔和急诊就诊记录），对职业活跃成年人的工作相关伤害和疾病进行研究。通过基于人群的调查，估计了安大略省劳动力每年按时间、年龄、性别和职业计算的工作时间。
急诊就诊记录中与工作相关的疾病发生率比丧失工作能力的工人赔偿索赔高出约 40%（707933 份急诊就诊记录和 457141 份丧失工作能力赔偿索赔）。对于男性和女性以及所有年龄组，在行政数据来源中，晚上、夜间和清晨期间与工作相关的伤害或疾病风险较高。在手工、混合和非手工职业群体中，都观察到了这种风险升高的情况。可以归因于夜间或夜间工作时间表工伤风险升高的丧失工作能力补偿索赔的比例，女性为 12.5%，男性为 5.8%。
尽管在发达经济体中，非白天工作时间表的就业普遍存在，但与夜间和夜间工作时间表相关的工伤危险仍然相对不明显。本研究表明，利用行政数据来源增强了按时间进行工伤风险监测的能力。需要进行更复杂的病因学研究，以了解与非正规工作时间相关的特定危险机制。
