Brown J E, Schloesser P T
Division of Health and Human Development, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Jan;162(1):182-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(90)90845-x.
Relationships among prepregnancy weight status, prenatal weight gain, and the outcome of 922 twin gestations delivered at term were retrospectively investigated with the use of data provided by linked birth-death certificates in Kansas, 1980 to 1986. Infant birth weights were found to increase linearly with prenatal weight gain for women who entered pregnancy underweight and at normal weight, but not for women who were overweight or obese at the start of pregnancy. The rate of twin gestation was twice as high in obese women as that in underweight women. The proportion of infants born with low birth weight declined as prepregnancy weight status increased. The mean prenatal weight gain of underweight women who were delivered of term twin infants with birth weights in the range of lowest perinatal mortality (3001 to 3500 gm) was 44.2 +/- 12.4 pounds. For normal-weight women, the corresponding figure was 40.9 +/- 11.3 pounds. These mean gains were significantly higher than the gains of underweight and normal-weight women who were delivered of smaller infants at term.
利用堪萨斯州1980年至1986年出生死亡证明关联数据，对922例足月分娩的双胎妊娠的孕前体重状况、孕期体重增加与妊娠结局之间的关系进行了回顾性研究。研究发现，孕前体重过轻和体重正常的女性，其婴儿出生体重随孕期体重增加呈线性增长，但孕期开始时超重或肥胖的女性并非如此。肥胖女性的双胎妊娠率是体重过轻女性的两倍。低出生体重婴儿的比例随着孕前体重状况的增加而下降。分娩出围产期死亡率最低范围（3001至3500克）内的足月双胎婴儿的体重过轻女性，其孕期平均体重增加为44.2±12.4磅。对于体重正常的女性，相应数字为40.9±11.3磅。这些平均增加量显著高于足月分娩出较小婴儿的体重过轻和体重正常女性的增加量。
