Rauch Sheila A M, Eftekhari Afsoon, Ruzek Josef I
VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Rd (116c), Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012;49(5):679-87. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2011.08.0152.
Prolonged exposure (PE) is an effective first-line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), regardless of the type of trauma, for Veterans and military personnel. Extensive research and clinical practice guidelines from various organizations support this conclusion. PE is effective in reducing PTSD symptoms and has also demonstrated efficacy in reducing comorbid issues such as anger, guilt, negative health perceptions, and depression. PE has demonstrated efficacy in diagnostically complex populations and survivors of single- and multiple-incident traumas. The PE protocol includes four main therapeutic components (i.e., psychoeducation, in vivo exposure, imaginal exposure, and emotional processing). In light of PE's efficacy, the Veterans Health Administration designed and supported a PE training program for mental health professionals that has trained over 1,300 providers. Research examining the mechanisms involved in PE and working to improve its acceptability, efficacy, and efficiency is underway with promising results.
延长暴露疗法（PE）是治疗退伍军人和军事人员创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的一种有效的一线治疗方法，无论创伤类型如何。来自各种组织的广泛研究和临床实践指南都支持这一结论。延长暴露疗法在减轻创伤后应激障碍症状方面有效，并且在减少诸如愤怒、内疚、负面健康认知和抑郁等共病问题方面也显示出疗效。延长暴露疗法在诊断复杂人群以及单次和多次创伤事件的幸存者中已显示出疗效。延长暴露疗法方案包括四个主要治疗成分（即心理教育、实景暴露、想象暴露和情绪处理）。鉴于延长暴露疗法的疗效，退伍军人健康管理局为心理健康专业人员设计并支持了一项延长暴露疗法培训计划，该计划已培训了1300多名医疗服务提供者。目前正在进行研究，探讨延长暴露疗法所涉及的机制，并努力提高其可接受性、疗效和效率，且已取得了有希望的成果。
