植物基因组中减数分裂重组频率的控制。

Control of meiotic recombination frequency in plant genomes.

机构信息

Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2012 Nov;15(5):556-61. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2012.09.002. Epub 2012 Sep 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2012.09.002

Abstract

Sexual eukaryotes reproduce via the meiotic cell division, where ploidy is halved and homologous chromosomes undergo reciprocal genetic exchange, termed crossover (CO). CO frequency has a profound effect on patterns of genetic variation and species evolution. Relative CO rates vary extensively both within and between plant genomes. Plant genome size varies by over 1000-fold, largely due to differential expansion of repetitive sequences, and increased genome size is associated with reduced CO frequency. Gene versus repeat sequences associate with distinct chromatin modifications, and evidence from plant genomes indicates that this epigenetic information influences CO patterns. This is consistent with data from diverse eukaryotes that demonstrate the importance of chromatin structure for control of meiotic recombination. In this review I will discuss CO frequency patterns in plant genomes and recent advances in understanding recombination distributions.

摘要

有性真核生物通过减数分裂进行繁殖，在减数分裂中，ploidy 减半，同源染色体发生同源遗传交换，称为交叉（CO）。CO 频率对遗传变异和物种进化模式有深远的影响。相对 CO 率在植物基因组内和之间都有广泛的变化。植物基因组大小变化超过 1000 倍，主要是由于重复序列的差异扩张，而增加的基因组大小与 CO 频率的降低有关。基因与重复序列与不同的染色质修饰有关，来自植物基因组的证据表明，这种表观遗传信息影响 CO 模式。这与来自不同真核生物的数据一致，这些数据表明染色质结构对控制减数分裂重组的重要性。在这篇综述中，我将讨论植物基因组中 CO 频率模式和对重组分布理解的最新进展。