School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Age Ageing. 2012 Nov;41(6):759-64. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afs150. Epub 2012 Sep 27.
up to 25% of older people in the USA and other Western countries are anaemic by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The objective of this study was to examine the long-term relationships of haemoglobin concentration with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a community-based sample of Australian adults surveyed in 1978.
a community survey of 2,194 adults aged 40+ years in Busselton, Western Australia in 1978 with mortality follow-up to 2001. Cox regression models were used to investigate the relationships of haemoglobin as a continuous measure and anaemia by WHO criteria (women <12 g/dl (7.5 mmol/l); men <13 g/dl (8.1 mmol/l)) with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality.
anaemia was predominantly mild (>10 g/dl) and normocytic. There was an increased risk of death from all causes and from cancer for men with low haemoglobin. Cancers were predominantly of the prostate and genito-urinary organs, and to a lesser extent the gastrointestinal tract. There was no increased risk of all cause or cancer death in women.
mild, normocytic anaemia is associated with survival reductions in middle-aged and older men, where it often occurs with prostate, gastrointestinal and other cancers, and should be investigated to exclude treatable causes.
根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的标准，美国和其他西方国家高达 25%的老年人贫血。本研究的目的是在澳大利亚成年人的社区样本中，根据 WHO 标准检查血红蛋白浓度与全因和特定原因死亡率之间的长期关系。
1978 年对西澳大利亚州巴斯尔顿的 2194 名 40 岁以上成年人进行了一项社区调查，对其进行了 2001 年的死亡率随访。使用 Cox 回归模型研究血红蛋白作为连续测量值以及贫血症（女性<12 g/dl（7.5 mmol/l）；男性<13 g/dl（8.1 mmol/l））与全因、心血管和癌症死亡率的关系。
贫血主要是轻度（>10 g/dl）和正细胞性。男性血红蛋白水平低与全因死亡和癌症死亡风险增加有关。癌症主要发生在前列腺和生殖泌尿系统，其次是胃肠道。女性全因或癌症死亡风险没有增加。
在中年和老年男性中，轻度、正细胞性贫血与生存减少有关，这种情况通常与前列腺癌、胃肠道癌和其他癌症有关，应进行调查以排除可治疗的原因。
