Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Res Dev Disabil. 2013 Jan;34(1):404-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.08.022. Epub 2012 Sep 26.
The sensitivity of number sense as cognitive phenotype for mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) was assessed in siblings of children with MLD (n = 9) and age matched children without family members with MLD (n = 63). A number line estimation paradigm was used as a measure of children's early number sense. In line with the triple code model of Dehaene (1992), three different presentation formats were presented. The results of the study confirmed that number line estimation was related to early arithmetic achievement in kindergarten. In addition siblings were less proficient in number line placements compared to non-siblings, with a larger effect size for symbolic and especially number word estimation compared to the non-symbolic results. Siblings also differed from non-siblings on procedural and conceptual counting skills and logical thinking in kindergarten. Moreover MLD had a familial aggregation, since about three out of five sibling girls had clinical scores on an Early Numeracy Test in kindergarten, pointing to a risk to develop MLD themselves. Implications of the study to our understanding of MLD are discussed.
对数学学习障碍（MLD）儿童的兄弟姐妹（n=9）和年龄匹配无 MLD 家族成员的儿童（n=63）进行了数字感认知表型的敏感性评估。使用数字线估计范式作为儿童早期数字感的衡量标准。符合 Dehaene（1992）的三代码模型，呈现了三种不同的呈现格式。研究结果证实，数字线估计与幼儿园早期的算术成绩有关。此外，与非兄弟姐妹相比，兄弟姐妹在数字线位置上的表现较差，符号和特别是数字词估计的效果大小明显大于非符号结果。兄弟姐妹在幼儿园的程序性和概念性计数技能以及逻辑思维方面也与非兄弟姐妹存在差异。此外，MLD 具有家族聚集性，因为大约五分之三的姐妹女孩在幼儿园的早期计算测试中具有临床分数，表明她们自己有发展 MLD 的风险。该研究对我们理解 MLD 的意义进行了讨论。
