Babytalk Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Laryngoscope. 2012 Dec;122(12):2808-12. doi: 10.1002/lary.22149. Epub 2012 Oct 1.
To examine the hypothesis that infants receiving a degraded auditory signal have more difficulty segmenting words from fluent speech if familiarized with the words presented in both speech and sign compared to familiarization with the words presented in speech only.
Experiment utilizing an infant-controlled visual preference procedure.
Twenty 8.5-month-old normal-hearing infants completed testing. Infants were familiarized with repetitions of words in either the speech + sign (n = 10) or the speech only (n = 10) condition. Infants were then presented with four six-sentence passages using an infant-controlled visual preference procedure. Every sentence in two of the passages contained the words presented in the familiarization phase, whereas none of the sentences in the other two passages contained familiar words.
Infants exposed to the speech + sign condition looked at familiar word passages for 15.3 seconds and at nonfamiliar word passages for 15.6 seconds, t (9) = -0.130, p = .45. Infants exposed to the speech only condition looked at familiar word passages for 20.9 seconds and to nonfamiliar word passages for 15.9 seconds. This difference was statistically significant, t (9) = 2.076, p = .03.
Infants' ability to segment words from degraded speech is negatively affected when these words are initially presented in simultaneous speech and sign. The current study suggests that a decreased ability to segment words from fluent speech may contribute towards the poorer performance of pediatric cochlear implant recipients in total communication settings on a wide range of spoken language outcome measures.
检验以下假设，即与仅熟悉言语呈现的单词相比，如果婴儿在熟悉言语和手语呈现的单词的情况下接收退化的听觉信号，那么他们从流畅的言语中分割单词会更困难。
利用婴儿控制的视觉偏好程序进行的实验。
共有 20 名 8.5 个月大的正常听力婴儿完成了测试。婴儿在言语+手语（n=10）或仅言语（n=10）条件下接受单词重复的熟悉化。然后，婴儿通过婴儿控制的视觉偏好程序呈现四个六句的段落。在两个段落中的每个句子都包含在熟悉阶段呈现的单词，而在其他两个段落中的句子都不包含熟悉的单词。
暴露于言语+手语条件下的婴儿注视熟悉单词段落 15.3 秒，注视不熟悉单词段落 15.6 秒，t（9）=-0.130，p=0.45。仅暴露于言语条件下的婴儿注视熟悉单词段落 20.9 秒，注视不熟悉单词段落 15.9 秒。这一差异具有统计学意义，t（9）=2.076，p=0.03。
当这些单词最初以同时的言语和手语呈现时，婴儿从退化的言语中分割单词的能力会受到负面影响。本研究表明，从流畅的言语中分割单词的能力下降可能导致儿科人工耳蜗植入者在各种口语语言评估中表现更差。
