Gjerde H, Smith-Kielland A, Normann P T, Morland J
National Institute of Forensic Toxicology, Oslo, Norway.
Forensic Sci Int. 1990 Jan;44(1):77-83. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(90)90170-4.
Toluene is the most common volatile used for sniffing among adolescents. During 1983-1987, 114 drivers were arrested in Norway with blood toluene concentrations (BTCs) greater than 10 microM. Only four of these drivers were women. The age range was 15-34 years, and the mean age was 21. The mean BTC was 109 microM. There was no simple relation between blood toluene concentration and degree of impairment, however, most drivers with BTCs greater than 100 microM were considered as impaired or probably impaired by toluene. In a five year prospective study of rearrests among drivers arrested for driving after toluene sniffing, 12 out of 15 drivers were rearrested. They were responsible for 40 cases of suspected driving under influence of toluene, alcohol, or other drugs. The blood levels of toluene determined in this study must be regarded as minimum concentrations, since the toluene concentration fell rapidly in samples stored at 4 degrees C or 23 degrees C. Blood samples from drivers suspected of driving under influence of toluene must therefore be kept frozen.
甲苯是青少年中最常被用于嗅吸的挥发性物质。在1983年至1987年期间，挪威有114名司机因血液甲苯浓度（BTCs）高于10微摩尔被捕。这些司机中只有4名女性。年龄范围为15至34岁，平均年龄为21岁。平均BTC为109微摩尔。血液甲苯浓度与损害程度之间没有简单的关系，然而，大多数BTC高于100微摩尔的司机被认为受到甲苯损害或可能受到损害。在一项对因嗅吸甲苯后驾车被捕的司机进行的五年再逮捕前瞻性研究中，15名司机中有12人再次被捕。他们涉及40起涉嫌在甲苯、酒精或其他药物影响下驾车的案件。本研究中测定的甲苯血液水平必须被视为最低浓度，因为甲苯浓度在4摄氏度或23摄氏度储存的样本中迅速下降。因此，怀疑在甲苯影响下驾车的司机的血样必须冷冻保存。
