吸烟者、戒烟者和非吸烟者的心理特征比较。

A comparison of the psychological characteristics of smokers, ex-smokers, and nonsmokers.

作者信息

Geist C R, Herrmann S M

机构信息

Department of Behavioral Sciences and Human Services, University of Alaska, Fairbanks 99775-1380.

出版信息

J Clin Psychol. 1990 Jan;46(1):102-5. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<102::aid-jclp2270460116>3.0.co;2-i.

DOI:10.1002/1097-4679(199001)46:1<102::aid-jclp2270460116>3.0.co;2-i

PMID:2303558

Abstract

The present investigation was designed to ascertain differences among smokers (n = 51), ex-smokers (n = 46), and nonsmokers (n = 138) in self-control and needs for affiliation, order, and endurance. Ex-smokers were found to have significantly greater self-control, as well as considerably higher needs for order and endurance, than smokers or nonsmokers, and a markedly greater need for affiliation than smokers. Furthermore, nonsmokers exhibited significantly more self-control than smokers. It was concluded that ex-smokers, rather than being intermediate between smokers and nonsmokers, comprised a distinct group on the scales examined.

摘要

本研究旨在确定吸烟者（n = 51）、戒烟者（n = 46）和非吸烟者（n = 138）在自我控制以及归属、秩序和耐力需求方面的差异。结果发现，与吸烟者或非吸烟者相比，戒烟者具有显著更强的自我控制能力，以及对秩序和耐力的需求也高得多，并且对归属的需求明显高于吸烟者。此外，非吸烟者表现出的自我控制能力明显高于吸烟者。研究得出的结论是，在所考察的量表上，戒烟者并非介于吸烟者和非吸烟者之间，而是构成了一个独特的群体。