Edmond Gary
Expertise, Evidence & Law Program, School of Law, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2013 Mar;44(1):80-91. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2012.09.004. Epub 2012 Oct 1.
Using as a case study the forensic comparison of images for purposes of identification, this essay considers how the history, philosophy and sociology of science might help courts to improve their responses to scientific and technical forms of expert opinion evidence in ways that are more consistent with legal system goals and values. It places an emphasis on the need for more sophisticated models of science and expertise that are capable of helping judges to identify sufficiently reliable types of expert evidence and to reflexively incorporate the weakness of trial safeguards and personnel into their admissibility decision making.
本文以用于身份识别目的的图像法医比对为案例研究，探讨科学的历史、哲学和社会学如何能够帮助法庭以更符合法律体系目标和价值观的方式，改进对科学和技术形式的专家意见证据的回应。它强调需要更复杂的科学和专业模式，以帮助法官识别足够可靠的专家证据类型，并在其可采性决策中自觉纳入审判保障措施和人员的弱点。
