Division of Asthma Allergy and Lung Biology, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic, Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
Early Hum Dev. 2012 Dec;88(12):921-3. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.09.012. Epub 2012 Oct 5.
Infants born at term frequently require mechanical ventilation and suffer significant mortality and morbidity. Yet, there have been few randomised trials (RCTs) exclusively of term born infants and when term born infants have been included in studies, a sub-analysis of their results has rarely been undertaken. The limited evidence demonstrates in term born infants that there are no benefits in using rates >60bpm during conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) or using synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation. Pressure support ventilation may reduce their work of breathing (WOB). During volume targeted ventilation, a volume targeted (VT) level of 6mls/kg reduces the WOB compared to a lower level or no VT. High frequency oscillatory ventilation in infants born at or near term with severe respiratory failure does not reduce mortality, oxygen dependency at 28 days or intracranial haemorrhage. RCTs with long term outcome are required to determine the optimum ventilatory modes in term born infants.
足月出生的婴儿经常需要机械通气，并且存在较高的死亡率和发病率。然而，专门针对足月出生婴儿的随机对照试验（RCT）很少，而且当足月出生婴儿被纳入研究时，对其结果的亚分析也很少进行。有限的证据表明，在足月出生的婴儿中，在常规机械通气（CMV）中使用 >60bpm 的频率或使用同步间歇指令通气没有益处。压力支持通气可能会降低其呼吸功（WOB）。在容积目标通气中，与较低水平或无容积目标（VT）相比，VT 水平为 6ml/kg 可降低 WOB。高频振荡通气在患有严重呼吸衰竭的足月或近足月出生的婴儿中并不能降低死亡率、28 天的氧依赖或颅内出血。需要进行 RCT 以确定长期结局，从而确定足月出生婴儿的最佳通气模式。
