He M L, Sultana H, Oba M, Kastelic J P, Dugan M E R, McKinnon J J, McAllister T A
Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 5403 1st Ave. S., Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada.
Lipids. 2012 Dec;47(12):1209-20. doi: 10.1007/s11745-012-3720-z. Epub 2012 Oct 5.
This study investigated the effect of triticale dried distillers' grain with solubles (DDGS), flax (FS) and sunflower (SS) seed on growth and the fatty acid profile of subcutaneous (SQ) fat in individually housed steers (n = 15 per diet) fed ad libitum (DM basis); (1) control (CON) 90% barley grain + 10% barley silage; or substitution of barley grain for: (2) 30% DDGS; (3) 10% FS; (4) 30% DDGS + 8.5% FS; (5) 10% SS and (6) 30% DDGS + 8.5% SS. Oilseeds in the combination diets were reduced to maintain diet lipid levels below 9% DM and to determine if favorable changes in the fatty acid profile could be maintained or enhanced at reduced levels of oilseed. Plasma and SQ fat biopsies were collected at 0, 6, and 12 weeks. Inclusion of DDGS decreased (P < 0.05) average daily gain, feed conversion and backfat thickness. Feeding FS increased (P < 0.05) plasma ALA compared to CON and SS and consistently increased (P < 0.01) ALA and non-conjugated and non-methylene interrupted dienes (NCD), whereas SS tended to decrease ALA in fat. Inclusion of DDGS with FS further increased (P < 0.02) ALA and decreased (P < 0.05) NCD and 18:1-t10 in fat. The fact that the levels of n-3 fatty acids in SQ fat from steers fed DDGS + FS were higher than those obtained with FS alone, has obvious benefits to the practical cost of favorably manipulating fatty acid profiles in beef.
本研究调查了小黑麦干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）、亚麻籽（FS）和向日葵籽（SS）对单独饲养的阉牛（每种日粮15头）生长性能及皮下（SQ）脂肪脂肪酸组成的影响；阉牛自由采食（以干物质计）；（1）对照组（CON）：90%大麦谷物+10%大麦青贮；或用以下成分替代大麦谷物：（2）30% DDGS；（3）10% FS；（4）30% DDGS + 8.5% FS；（5）10% SS；（6）30% DDGS + 8.5% SS。混合日粮中的油籽含量降低，以保持日粮脂质水平低于9%干物质，并确定在油籽含量降低的情况下，脂肪酸组成的有利变化是否能够维持或增强。在0、6和12周时采集血浆和SQ脂肪活检样本。添加DDGS降低了（P < 0.05）平均日增重、饲料转化率和背膘厚度。与CON和SS相比，饲喂FS提高了（P < 0.05）血浆α-亚麻酸（ALA）含量，并且持续提高了（P < 0.01）脂肪中的ALA以及非共轭和非亚甲基间断二烯（NCD）含量，而SS倾向于降低脂肪中的ALA含量。DDGS与FS一起添加进一步提高了（P < 0.02）脂肪中的ALA含量，并降低了（P < 0.05）脂肪中的NCD和反式-10 十八碳烯酸（18:1-t10）含量。饲喂DDGS + FS的阉牛SQ脂肪中n-3脂肪酸水平高于单独饲喂FS的阉牛，这一事实对于实际调控牛肉脂肪酸组成的成本具有明显益处。
